Haines S J
J Neurosurg. 1979 Jul;51(1):5-11. doi: 10.3171/jns.1979.51.1.0005.
Randomized clinical trials are widely accepted as the standard for evaluation of therapeutic innovation in many fields of medicine. The three basic components of such trials (concurrent comparison, random allocation, and objective observation) are designed to control four forms of bias (chronology bias, susceptibility bias, compliance bias, and observation bias) that may interfere with the interpretation of the results of a study. Only 2% of the articles evaluating therapeutic maneuvers published in the Journal of Neurosurgery have attempted to use concurrent controls. Only one of 863 such articles met the criteria for a randomized clinical trial. Reasons for underutilization of such trials in neurosurgery are discussed and suggestions for their wider use are offered.
随机临床试验在医学诸多领域被广泛认可为评估治疗创新的标准。此类试验的三个基本组成部分（同期对照、随机分配和客观观察）旨在控制可能干扰研究结果解读的四种偏倚形式（时间顺序偏倚、易感性偏倚、依从性偏倚和观察偏倚）。在《神经外科杂志》上发表的评估治疗手段的文章中，仅有2%尝试使用同期对照。在863篇此类文章中，只有一篇符合随机临床试验的标准。本文讨论了神经外科领域此类试验未得到充分利用的原因，并提出了更广泛应用此类试验的建议。
