El Rasafi Taoufik, Haouas Ayoub, Tallou Anas, Chakouri Mohcine, Aallam Yassine, El Moukhtari Ahmed, Hamamouch Noureddine, Hamdali Hanane, Oukarroum Abdallah, Farissi Mohamed, Haddioui Abdelmajid
Health and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, B.P 5366, Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco.
Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;341:140121. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140121. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
Abiotic stresses from potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have devastating impacts on health and survival of all living organisms, including humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. Moreover, because of the rapid growing industrial activities together with the natural processes, soil contamination with PTEs has pronounced, which required an emergent intervention. In fact, several chemical and physical techniques have been employed to overcome the negative impacts of PTEs. However, these techniques have numerous drawback and their acceptance are usually poor as they are high cost, usually ineffectiveness and take longer time. In this context, bioremediation has emerged as a promising approach for reclaiming PTEs-contaminated soils through biological process using bacteria, fungus and plants solely or in combination. Here, we comprehensively reviews and critically discusses the processes by which microorganisms and hyperaccumulator plants extract, volatilize, stabilize or detoxify PTEs in soils. We also established a multi-technology repair strategy through the combination of different strategies, such as the application of biochar, compost, animal minure and stabilized digestate for stimulation of PTE remediation by hyperaccumulators plants species. The possible use of remote sensing of soil in conjunction with geographic information system (GIS) integration for improving soil bio-remediation of PTEs was discussed. By synergistically combining these innovative strategies, the present review will open very novel way for cleaning up PTEs-contaminated soils.
来自潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的非生物胁迫对包括人类、动物、植物和微生物在内的所有生物的健康和生存都有毁灭性影响。此外，由于工业活动的迅速增加以及自然过程，土壤中PTEs的污染已经很明显，这需要紧急干预。事实上，已经采用了几种化学和物理技术来克服PTEs的负面影响。然而，这些技术有许多缺点，而且它们的接受度通常很低，因为它们成本高、通常无效且耗时较长。在这种背景下，生物修复作为一种有前途的方法出现了，即通过单独或组合使用细菌、真菌和植物的生物过程来修复受PTEs污染的土壤。在此，我们全面回顾并批判性地讨论了微生物和超富集植物在土壤中提取、挥发、稳定或解毒PTEs的过程。我们还通过结合不同策略，如应用生物炭、堆肥、动物粪便和稳定消化物来刺激超富集植物物种对PTEs的修复，建立了一种多技术修复策略。讨论了结合地理信息系统（GIS）集成进行土壤遥感以改善PTEs土壤生物修复的可能性。通过协同结合这些创新策略，本综述将为清理受PTEs污染的土壤开辟全新的途径。
