Sha Ailong, Liu Yi, Hao Haiyan
School of Teacher Education, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China.
School of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Aug 25;11:1238027. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1238027. eCollection 2023.
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to endanger human health, and its therapeutic drugs are under intensive research and development. Identifying the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in animal models is helpful for further screening of effective medications, which is also a prerequisite for drugs to enter clinical trials. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades host cells mainly by the S protein on its surface. After the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome is injected into the cells, M protein will help assemble and release new viruses. RdRp is crucial for virus replication, assembly, and release of new virus particles. This review analyzes and discusses 26 anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs based on their mechanism of action, effectiveness and safety in different animal models. We propose five drugs to be the most promising to enter the next stage of clinical trial research, thus providing a reference for future drug development.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）持续危害人类健康，其治疗药物正处于密集研发阶段。在动物模型中确定药物的疗效和毒性有助于进一步筛选有效药物，这也是药物进入临床试验的先决条件。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）主要通过其表面的S蛋白侵入宿主细胞。SARS-CoV-2 RNA基因组注入细胞后，M蛋白将有助于组装和释放新病毒。RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）对病毒复制、组装和新病毒颗粒的释放至关重要。本综述基于26种抗SARS-CoV-2药物在不同动物模型中的作用机制、有效性和安全性进行了分析和讨论。我们提出五种药物最有希望进入下一阶段的临床试验研究，从而为未来的药物研发提供参考。
