Wu Haohao, Du Kang, Liang Xi, Fan Huijuan, Ba Ruiqiong, Yang Junsu, Wang Yue
Department of Neurology, Qujing First People's Hospital, Yunnan, Qujing, China.
Department of Paediatrics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Yunnan, Qujing, China.
Front Neurol. 2023 Aug 25;14:1193843. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1193843. eCollection 2023.
The over-age phenomenon of simple febrile seizures (SFS) was found during the epidemic in COVID-19, but there was no clear explanation, especially in China. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and auxiliary examination features of SFS in children infected with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
In total, 78 patients with SFS in the Department of Pediatric and Neurology of Qujing First People's Hospital were enrolled and divided into the COVID-19-positive group (case group) and the COVID-19-negative group (control group). The clinical characteristics, auxiliary examinations, and risk factors were analyzed.
There were significant differences in age stratification between the two groups. The proportion of children aged over 5 years old in the case group (47.4%) was higher than that of the control group (5%) ( < 0.0001). In terms of sex distribution, the proportion of males in the case group was higher than that in the control group (71.1% vs. 50%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( = 0.0678). For blood cell analysis, the values of white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LY), and monocytes (MN) in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( < 0.01). Serum electrolyte analysis showed the greatest difference in blood sodium. The proportion of hyponatremia in the case group was higher than that in the control group (36.8% vs. 17.5%), but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( = 0.0745). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of FS was a independent protective factors for SFS in children with COVID-19 (OR = 0.115, = 0.009), and age was an independent risk factor for SFS in children with COVID-19 (OR = 1.042, = 0.001).
Age distribution, sex a previous history of FS and hyponatremia were different between children with and without COVID-19 in SFS. The history of FS was an independent protective factors for SFS in children with COVID-19.
在新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情期间发现了单纯性热性惊厥（SFS）的超龄现象，但尚无明确解释，尤其是在中国。本研究旨在分析2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染儿童中SFS的临床及辅助检查特征。
选取曲靖市第一人民医院儿科及神经内科的78例SFS患者，分为COVID-19阳性组（病例组）和COVID-19阴性组（对照组）。分析其临床特征、辅助检查及危险因素。
两组年龄分层存在显著差异。病例组5岁以上儿童比例（47.4%）高于对照组（5%）（<0.0001）。在性别分布方面，病例组男性比例高于对照组（71.1%对50%），但差异无统计学意义（=0.0678）。血细胞分析显示，病例组白细胞（WBC）、淋巴细胞（LY）和单核细胞（MN）值均显著低于对照组（<0.01）。血清电解质分析显示血钠差异最大。病例组低钠血症比例高于对照组（36.8%对17.5%），但差异未达到统计学意义（=0.0745）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，热性惊厥病史是COVID-19感染儿童发生SFS的独立保护因素（OR=0.115，=0.009），年龄是COVID-19感染儿童发生SFS的独立危险因素（OR=1.042，=0.001）。
SFS中，COVID-19感染儿童与未感染儿童在年龄分布、性别、既往热性惊厥病史及低钠血症方面存在差异。热性惊厥病史是COVID-19感染儿童发生SFS的独立保护因素。
