Morais Jorge E, Barbosa Tiago M, Lopes Tiago, Gourgoulis Vassilios, Nikodelis Thomas, Marinho Daniel A
Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal; Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal.
Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal; Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal.
J Biomech. 2023 Oct;159:111792. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111792. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
This study aimed to: (i) verify the within-subject effect of the dominant and non-dominant upper limb propulsion during consecutive arm-pulls through discrete (average) and continuous analysis (SPM), and; (ii) compare young swimmers' propulsion between both upper limbs through discrete (average) and continuous analysis (Statistical Parametric Mapping - SPM). The sample consisted of 17 young male swimmers (age = 16.02 ± 0.61-years) who regularly participate in national and international level competitions. A set of kinematic and propulsion variables were measured during a 25-m maximal trial in front-crawl. Statistical analysis of propulsion was performed using discrete variables and through SPM. Swimming velocity showed a significant decrease over time. A significant interaction between the "time" (consecutive arm-pulls) and "side" (dominant vs. non-dominant) effects was observed in both statistical analyzes. Only the dominant upper limb demonstrated a significant "time" effect with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the first and third arm-pulls. SPM indicated that the "time" effect was observed between the ∼ 34% and ∼ 42% of the arm-pull. The differences between the first and third arm-pull were verified between the ∼ 32% and ∼ 43% of the arm-pull. A non-significant "side" effect was verified in both analyzes. Therefore, SPM analysis provided more sensitive and accurate outputs than discrete analysis. This will allow coaches to design specific training drills focused on specific moments of the arm-pull.
（i）通过离散（平均）分析和连续分析（统计参数映射 - SPM）验证连续划臂过程中优势上肢和非优势上肢推进的受试者内效应；以及（ii）通过离散（平均）分析和连续分析（统计参数映射 - SPM）比较年轻游泳运动员两上肢之间的推进情况。样本包括17名年轻男性游泳运动员（年龄 = 16.02 ± 0.61岁），他们定期参加国家和国际水平的比赛。在25米自由泳最大强度测试期间测量了一组运动学和推进变量。使用离散变量并通过SPM对推进进行统计分析。游泳速度随时间显著下降。在两种统计分析中均观察到“时间”（连续划臂）和“侧别”（优势侧与非优势侧）效应之间存在显著交互作用。只有优势上肢表现出显著的“时间”效应，第一次和第三次划臂之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。SPM表明，在划臂的约34%至约42%之间观察到“时间”效应。第一次和第三次划臂之间的差异在划臂的约32%至约43%之间得到验证。在两种分析中均验证了不显著的“侧别”效应。因此，SPM分析比离散分析提供了更敏感和准确的结果。这将使教练能够设计针对划臂特定时刻的特定训练练习。
