Morais Jorge E, Barbosa Tiago M, Lopes Tiago, Moriyama Shin-Ichiro, Marinho Daniel A
Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal.
Sports Biomech. 2024 Dec;23(12):3394-3405. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2241845. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
The aim of this study was to compare the swimming velocity in front-crawl between age-group swimmers using discrete variables against Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). The sample consisted of 30 young male swimmers divided into three groups (each with 10 swimmers) based on their age (group #1: 13.60 ± 0.84 years; group #2: 15.40 ± 0.32 years; group 3: 16.39 ± 0.69 years). Swimmers performed three maximal trials in front-crawl. The best performance was used for analysis. Comparison of swimming velocity between groups was analysed using discrete variables and as a continuous variable (SPM). As a discrete variable, the mean swimming velocity showed a significant difference between groups ( < 0.05). Moreover, when analysed by SPM, swimming velocity showed a significant difference ( = 0.021) between the ~ 44% and ~ 51% of the stroke cycle (transition of the propulsion phases between sides). Post-hoc comparison revealed a significant difference between group #1 and group #3 only in SPM analysis. Researchers, coaches, and practitioners should know that both measurement approaches can be used simultaneously. However, SPM offers more sensitive and accurate results about the swimmers' stroke cycle.
本研究的目的是使用离散变量并结合统计参数映射（SPM）来比较不同年龄组的自由泳运动员的游泳速度。样本包括30名年轻男性游泳运动员，根据年龄分为三组（每组10名运动员）（第1组：13.60±0.84岁；第2组：15.40±0.32岁；第3组：16.39±0.69岁）。游泳运动员进行了三次自由泳的最大强度测试。最佳成绩用于分析。使用离散变量并作为连续变量（SPM）分析了组间游泳速度的差异。作为离散变量，平均游泳速度在组间显示出显著差异（<0.05）。此外，当通过SPM分析时，游泳速度在划水周期的约44%至约51%（两侧推进阶段的转换）之间显示出显著差异（=0.021）。事后比较显示，仅在SPM分析中，第1组和第3组之间存在显著差异。研究人员、教练和从业者应该知道，两种测量方法可以同时使用。然而，SPM能提供关于游泳运动员划水周期更敏感和准确的结果。
