Cho Eunhee, Lee Kyung Hee, Kang Bada, Jang Jiyoon, Shin Jinhee, Eltaybani Sameh, Yamamoto-Mitani Noriko, Kim Min Jung
Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea.
Woosuk University College of Nursing, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2023 Oct;24(10):1600-1605. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has severely affected older residents in long-term care (LTC) settings. However, care workers' perceptions of their work environment and potential impact on their work outcomes during the pandemic is not well known. This study examined associations between care staff's perceived work environment, educational status, and facility staffing levels and work outcomes of care staff in LTC settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study employed a cross-sectional, observational, correlational design.
A total of 207 care staff were conveniently recruited from 30 LTC settings in South Korea.
The perceived work environment, educational status of care staff, and facility staffing levels (ie, beds-to-registered nurse [RN] and beds-to-nursing assistant [NA] or care worker ratios), as well as their work outcomes (ie, general and COVID-19 specific outcomes) were collected using questionnaires. Multivariable binary logistic regressions were conducted, controlling for the characteristics of care staff (ie, age, sex, occupation, and career length) and facilities (ie, location, bed size, ownership, and residents' disease and care profiles).
Approximately 45% of the participants were either NAs or care workers, and 38% were RNs. More than half (53.14%) perceived their work environment to be good. LTC staff who perceived their work environment to be poor were more likely to be dissatisfied with their work [odds ratio (OR) 20.88), experience high burnout (OR 8.63), intend to leave the facility within a year (OR 5.00), and experience increased overtime work (OR 3.58) and work-life imbalance (OR 1.93) due to COVID-19.
LTC work environments should be improved and government-led initiatives for ensuring such improvements should be implemented to enable a better response to future public health crises and maintain the quality of care for and safety of residents in LTC settings.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重影响了长期护理（LTC）机构中的老年居民。然而，护理人员对其工作环境以及疫情期间工作环境对其工作成果的潜在影响的看法尚不清楚。本研究调查了COVID-19大流行期间长期护理机构中护理人员对工作环境的认知、教育程度、机构人员配备水平与护理人员工作成果之间的关联。
本研究采用横断面、观察性、相关性设计。
从韩国30个长期护理机构中方便地招募了207名护理人员。
使用问卷收集护理人员对工作环境的认知、教育程度、机构人员配备水平（即床位与注册护士[RN]之比以及床位与护理助理[NA]或护理人员之比）以及他们的工作成果（即一般和COVID-19特定成果）。进行多变量二元逻辑回归分析，控制护理人员的特征（即年龄、性别、职业和工作年限）以及机构的特征（即地点、床位规模、所有权以及居民的疾病和护理情况）。
约45%的参与者为护理助理或护理人员，38%为注册护士。超过一半（53.14%）的人认为他们的工作环境良好。认为工作环境差的长期护理机构工作人员更有可能对工作不满意[优势比（OR）20.88]，经历高度倦怠（OR 8.63），打算在一年内离开机构（OR 5.00），并且由于COVID-19而经历加班工作增加（OR 3.58）和工作生活失衡（OR 1.93）。
应改善长期护理机构的工作环境，并实施政府主导的确保此类改善的举措，以便更好地应对未来公共卫生危机，并维持长期护理机构中居民的护理质量和安全。
