土壤菌根圈。
The soil plastisphere.
机构信息
Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2024 Feb;22(2):64-74. doi: 10.1038/s41579-023-00967-2. Epub 2023 Sep 11.
Understanding the effects of plastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems is a priority in environmental research. A central aspect of this suite of pollutants is that it entails particles, in addition to chemical compounds, and this makes plastic quite different from the vast majority of chemical environmental pollutants. Particles can be habitats for microbial communities, and plastics can be a source of chemical compounds that are released into the surrounding environment. In the aquatic literature, the term 'plastisphere' has been coined to refer to the microbial community colonizing plastic debris; here, we use a definition that also includes the immediate soil environment of these particles to align the definition with other concepts in soil microbiology. First, we highlight major differences in the plastisphere between aquatic and soil ecosystems, then we review what is currently known about the soil plastisphere, including the members of the microbial community that are enriched, and the possible mechanisms underpinning this selection. Then, we focus on outlining future prospects for research on the soil plastisphere.
了解塑料污染对陆地生态系统的影响是环境研究的重点。这组污染物的一个核心方面是，它不仅包含化合物，还包含颗粒，这使得塑料与绝大多数化学环境污染物有很大的不同。颗粒可以是微生物群落的栖息地，而塑料可以是释放到周围环境中的化学化合物的来源。在水生文献中，术语“塑料圈”被用来指在塑料碎片上定殖的微生物群落；在这里，我们使用的定义还包括这些颗粒的直接土壤环境，以使其与土壤微生物学中的其他概念保持一致。首先，我们强调了水生和土壤生态系统中塑料圈之间的主要差异，然后我们回顾了目前已知的土壤塑料圈，包括富集的微生物群落成员，以及支持这种选择的可能机制。然后，我们重点概述了土壤塑料圈研究的未来前景。
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