Social Security Organization, 17th Shahrivar Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Paramedical Department, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2023 Aug 31;17(8):1146-1151. doi: 10.3855/jidc.16874.
Hepatitis and acquired immunodeficiency are major health concerns in high-risk patients with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. This might be due to the number of blood transfusions, age, and dialysis duration. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV in hemodialysis patients to determine the effectiveness of preventive measures already in place and the possible correlation between various risk factors and viral infection in the Hemodialysis Center in Mashhad, Iran.
Sixty-five patients were included in a retrospective cross-sectional study. The demographic information was collected. Hepatitis-B surface antigens, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies were screened using ELISA.
Out of 65 patients, 34 (52.3%) were male, and 31 (47.7%) were female. Mean duration of dialysis was 30.68 ± 26.39 months, and the mean age was 64.95 ± 14.09 years. We found 9 (13.8%) patients that were HBV positive (HbsAg-positive), and 3 (4.6%) patients were HCV positive. Sex and the number of blood transfusions were found to be risk factors for HBV infection and had statistical significance (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). No statistical significance was found between HBV- and HCV- positivity and the mean age of patients (p = 0.84 and p = 0.76, respectively). All patients were HIV-negative.
Prevalence of HBV was high and significant. More preventive measures need to be developed, and further studies should be conducted to examine the effectiveness of these measures. Moreover, evaluating the prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, and HIV in other hospitals and dialysis centers in Mashhad is recommended to minimize viral infections. Initial HBV vaccination for patients that require hemodialysis is crucial.
肝炎和获得性免疫缺陷是肾衰竭接受血液透析的高危患者的主要健康问题。这可能是由于输血次数、年龄和透析时间等原因。我们旨在调查血液透析患者中乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 和人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的流行情况，以确定已采取的预防措施的有效性，以及在伊朗马什哈德血液透析中心各种危险因素与病毒感染之间的可能相关性。
对 65 例患者进行回顾性横断面研究。收集人口统计学信息。使用 ELISA 检测乙型肝炎表面抗原、抗 HCV 和抗 HIV 抗体。
65 例患者中，男性 34 例（52.3%），女性 31 例（47.7%）。透析时间平均为 30.68 ± 26.39 个月，平均年龄为 64.95 ± 14.09 岁。我们发现 9 例（13.8%）患者 HBV 阳性（HbsAg 阳性），3 例（4.6%）患者 HCV 阳性。性别和输血次数被发现是 HBV 感染的危险因素，具有统计学意义（p = 0.02 和 p = 0.01）。HBV 和 HCV 阳性与患者平均年龄之间无统计学意义（p = 0.84 和 p = 0.76）。所有患者 HIV 均为阴性。
HBV 的流行率很高且显著。需要制定更多的预防措施，并进一步研究这些措施的效果。此外，建议在马什哈德的其他医院和透析中心评估 HBV、HCV 和 HIV 的流行率，以最大程度地减少病毒感染。对于需要血液透析的患者，初始 HBV 疫苗接种至关重要。
