Li Xizhao, Che Chong Chin, Li Yamin, Wang Ling, Chong Mei Chan
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
BMC Nurs. 2023 Sep 12;22(1):312. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01473-9.
Studies have shown that second-victim experiences could increase risks of the compassion fatigue while support from individuals and organisations is most often protection. However, the risk for poor compassion satisfaction and increased compassion fatigue in nurses aroused by adverse events remains an underestimated problem, meanwhile, litter known about the role of positive and negative coping styles among nurses suffering from adverse events. This study aims to investigate the effect of second-victim experiences on the professional quality of life among nurses and to determine the mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between second-victim experiences and professional quality of life.
Multistage sampling was used to recruit registered nurses from Hunan province in China. Registered nurses who identified themselves as experiencing adverse events from nine tertiary hospitals were included in this study. Participants were recruited to complete a survey on the second victim experience and support tool, the simplified coping style questionnaire, and the professional quality of life scale. The stress coping theory was used to develop the framework in this study. The structural equation modelling approach was used for conducting the mediating effects analysis via IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and Mplus 8.3.
In total, 67% (n = 899) of nurses reported a second victim experience during their careers. In a bivariate analysis, both second-victims experiences and coping styles were significantly associated with their professional quality of life. The results showed that the effects of second victim experiences on their professional quality of life were fully mediated by coping styles. A total of 10 significantly indirect pathways were estimated, ranging from -0.243 to 0.173.
Second-victim experiences are common among nurses in this study. Since the mediating effects of coping styles were clarified in this study, it is imperative to promote the perception of negative coping styles and encourage nurses to adopt more positive coping styles with adequate support systems.
研究表明，“二次受害者”经历可能会增加同情疲劳的风险，而来自个人和组织的支持通常具有保护作用。然而，不良事件引发护士同情满意度低和同情疲劳增加的风险仍是一个被低估的问题，与此同时，对于经历不良事件的护士中积极和消极应对方式的作用知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨“二次受害者”经历对护士职业生活质量的影响，并确定应对方式在“二次受害者”经历与职业生活质量之间关系中的中介作用。
采用多阶段抽样方法从中国湖南省招募注册护士。本研究纳入了来自9家三级医院、自认为经历过不良事件的注册护士。招募参与者完成关于“二次受害者”经历与支持工具、简易应对方式问卷和职业生活质量量表的调查。本研究采用压力应对理论构建框架。通过IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0和Mplus 8.3运用结构方程模型方法进行中介效应分析。
共有67%（n = 899）的护士报告在其职业生涯中经历过“二次受害者”经历。在双变量分析中，“二次受害者”经历和应对方式均与他们的职业生活质量显著相关。结果表明，“二次受害者”经历对其职业生活质量的影响完全由应对方式介导。共估计出10条显著的间接路径，范围从 -0.243至0.173。
在本研究中，“二次受害者”经历在护士中很常见。由于本研究阐明了应对方式的中介作用，因此必须提高对消极应对方式的认识，并鼓励护士在有适当支持系统的情况下采用更积极的应对方式。
