Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni, 33, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
Clinical Nutriti on and Metabolism Unit, IRCCS AOUBO, Via Albertoni, 15, Bologna, 40138, Italy.
Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2023 Sep 12;18(1):286. doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02905-0.
The Covid pandemic seems to have had several detrimental effects on managing patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases (IMD), although published data about the impact of COVID-19 on patients suffering from IMD are very scarce. The scope of our work was to evaluate adherence to the vaccination plan, the side effects experienced by our adult IMD patients, and the symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Sixty-seven patients agreed to respond to a phone interview. The mean age was 36.5 (± 11.6 SD). Regarding the vaccination campaign, fifty-five patients (82%) joined it, of whom ten had received two doses and the remaining forty-five, three. Forty-two patients (76%) reported adverse events following vaccination, the most frequent being local reaction, fever, and asthenia, which lasted an average of two days and resolved without sequelae. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, twenty-seven out of sixty-seven patients (40%) tested positive for the virus; seven of them were not vaccinated at the time of infection; on the other hand, twenty had already had at least two doses. Regarding the prevalence of long-Covid, as many as 12 patients (44%) reported symptoms that persisted after the nasopharyngeal swab tested negative and lasted an average of 81 (± 74 SD) days. There were no statistically significant differences in BMI of patients who contracted the infection and patients who did not (25.15 vs. 25.20, p = .861), between those who had adverse reactions to the vaccine and those who did not (24.40 vs. 25.75, p = .223), between those who had long-Covid and those who did not (25.9 vs. 27.7, p = .183). No relation was observed between metabolic inherited disease, SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and adverse vaccine reactions.
The data indicate that IMD patients adhered to the vaccination campaign comparably to the general Italian population. Adverse events to the vaccine were negligible. SARS-CoV-2 infection, which occurred in most cases after receiving at least two doses of the vaccine, did not cause serious symptoms and never required hospitalisation. A non-negligible share of patients suffered from long-Covid symptoms.
Covid 大流行似乎对遗传性代谢疾病（IMD）患者的管理产生了多种不利影响，尽管关于 COVID-19 对 IMD 患者影响的已发表数据非常有限。我们工作的范围是评估我们的成年 IMD 患者对疫苗接种计划的依从性、他们经历的副作用以及 SARS-CoV-2 感染的症状。
67 名患者同意接受电话采访。平均年龄为 36.5（±11.6 SD）。关于疫苗接种运动，55 名患者（82%）参加了该运动，其中 10 名患者接种了两剂，其余 45 名患者接种了三剂。42 名患者（76%）报告接种疫苗后出现不良反应，最常见的是局部反应、发热和乏力，平均持续两天，无后遗症。关于 SARS-CoV-2 感染，67 名患者中有 27 名（40%）病毒检测呈阳性；其中 7 名患者在感染时未接种疫苗；另一方面，20 名患者已经至少接种了两剂。关于长期 COVID 的患病率，多达 12 名患者（44%）报告称，在鼻咽拭子检测呈阴性后，他们仍存在持续的症状，平均持续 81（±74 SD）天。感染患者和未感染患者的 BMI 无统计学差异（25.15 与 25.20，p=0.861），疫苗不良反应患者和无不良反应患者的 BMI 也无统计学差异（24.40 与 25.75，p=0.223），长期 COVID 患者和未感染患者的 BMI 也无统计学差异（25.9 与 27.7，p=0.183）。在代谢性遗传疾病、SARS-CoV-2 感染症状和疫苗不良反应之间未观察到任何关系。
数据表明，IMD 患者对疫苗接种的依从性与意大利一般人群相当。疫苗不良反应可忽略不计。SARS-CoV-2 感染在大多数情况下发生在至少接种两剂疫苗之后，未引起严重症状，也从未需要住院治疗。相当一部分患者患有长期 COVID 症状。
