Alessandri Bonetti Mario, Jeong Tiffany, Stofman Guy M, Egro Francesco M
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy.
J Burn Care Res. 2024 Jan 5;45(1):130-135. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irad132.
Skin grafting is the mainstay treatment in burn patients. However, in the scenario of soft tissue deficit along with exposure of critical structures, free flap is the only reconstructive option to provide adequate coverage. The aim of the study is to review indications and surgical outcomes of burn patients requiring free tissue transfer. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to review all patients who underwent free tissue transfer for burn-related injuries between March 2012 and June 2023. A total of 13 patients required a free flap for their reconstruction. Eleven flaps were performed during the acute care and 2 were performed for delayed reconstruction. Patients were 69% males and 31% females, with a mean age of 45.5 ± 16 years and a mean BMI of 25.4 ± 6.5. The mean follow-up was 13.5 ± 13.9 months. Indications for free tissue transfer were bone exposure (92%) and severe neck burn contracture (8%). Overall complications rate was 54%. Complications included free flap loss (15%), hematoma (15%), vein thrombosis of the anastomosis (15%), infection (8%), amputation (8%), and wound healing issues (23%). Overall, 38% of the patients required re-operations including venous anastomosis revision, hematoma evacuation, debridement, skin grafting, and debulking. Although sometimes free flap remains the only reconstructive option in severe burn-related injuries, it is only rarely used. However, they carry a high risk of complications and should be considered only as the last resort for limb or life-threatening situations.
皮肤移植是烧伤患者的主要治疗方法。然而,在软组织缺损并伴有关键结构暴露的情况下,游离皮瓣是提供充分覆盖的唯一重建选择。本研究的目的是回顾需要游离组织移植的烧伤患者的适应症和手术结果。进行了一项回顾性队列研究,以回顾2012年3月至2023年6月期间所有因烧伤相关损伤接受游离组织移植的患者。共有13例患者需要游离皮瓣进行重建。11例皮瓣手术在急性治疗期间进行,2例进行延迟重建。患者中男性占69%,女性占31%,平均年龄为45.5±16岁,平均体重指数为25.4±6.5。平均随访时间为13.5±13.9个月。游离组织移植的适应症为骨暴露(92%)和严重颈部烧伤挛缩(8%)。总体并发症发生率为54%。并发症包括游离皮瓣坏死(15%)、血肿(15%)、吻合口静脉血栓形成(15%)、感染(8%)、截肢(8%)和伤口愈合问题(23%)。总体而言,38%的患者需要再次手术,包括静脉吻合修复、血肿清除、清创、皮肤移植和减容。尽管在严重烧伤相关损伤中,游离皮瓣有时仍是唯一的重建选择,但很少使用。然而,它们具有较高的并发症风险,仅应作为肢体或危及生命情况的最后手段考虑。