Bao Jinxi, Song Xiaohui, Tian Feng, Shi Haiting, Liang Shuaitong, Wang Shuo, Zeng Ming, Xue Yanling, Hong Chunxia, Xu Zhiwei
State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
Tianjin Kinfa Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300000, China.
Chemistry. 2023 Dec 1;29(67):e202302236. doi: 10.1002/chem.202302236. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
The growth of lithium dendrites and the shuttle of polysulfides in lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have hindered their development. In LMBs, the cathode and anode are separated by a separator, although this does not solve the battery's issues. The use of biomass materials is widespread for modifying the separator due to their porous structure and abundant functional groups. LMBs perform more electrochemically when lithium ions are deposited uniformly and polysulfide shuttling is reduced using biomass separators. In this review, we analyze the growth of lithium dendrite and the shuttle of polysulfide in LMBs, summarize the types of biomass separator materials and the mechanisms of action (providing mechanical barriers, promoting uniform deposition of metal ions, capturing polysulfides, shielding polysulfide). The prospect of developing new separator materials from the perspective of regulating ion transport and physical sieving efficiency as well as the application of advanced technologies such as synchrotron radiation to characterize the mechanism of action of biomass separators is also proposed.
锂金属电池（LMBs）中锂枝晶的生长和多硫化物的穿梭阻碍了其发展。在LMBs中，阴极和阳极由隔膜隔开，尽管这并不能解决电池的问题。由于生物质材料具有多孔结构和丰富的官能团，因此在隔膜改性方面得到了广泛应用。当使用生物质隔膜使锂离子均匀沉积并减少多硫化物穿梭时，LMBs的电化学性能会更好。在这篇综述中，我们分析了LMBs中锂枝晶的生长和多硫化物的穿梭，总结了生物质隔膜材料的类型及其作用机制（提供机械屏障、促进金属离子均匀沉积、捕获多硫化物、屏蔽多硫化物）。还从调节离子传输和物理筛分效率的角度提出了开发新型隔膜材料的前景，以及应用同步辐射等先进技术来表征生物质隔膜的作用机制。
