Meena Hemant Kumar, Pant Bhavesh, Singh Brijesh Kumar
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2023 Sep 1;40(9):1770-1778. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.499212.
High-order helical and sinusoidal Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser modes have uneven energy distribution among their multiple concentric vortex core rings and lobes, respectively. Here, we explore an experimental method to reshuffle the optical energy among their multiple concentric vortex core rings and lobes of high-order LG modes in a controllable manner. We numerically designed a diffractive optical element displayed over a spatial light modulator to rearrange optical energy among multiple concentric vortex core rings. This changes outer low-intensity concentric vortex core rings into high-intensity vortex core rings of high-order helical LG modes at the Fourier plane. The precise generation of a high-order modulated helical LG laser mode has a maximum number of highly intense concentric vortex core rings compared to known standard helical LG modes. Further, this method is extended to high-order sinusoidal LG modes consisting of both low- and high-intensity lobes to realize modulated sinusoidal LG modes with a maximum number of highly intense lobes in a controllable manner. We envisage that the modulated helical and sinusoidal high-order LG modes may surpass standard LG modes in many applications where highly intense rings and lobes are crucial, as in particle manipulation of micro- and nanoparticles, and optical lithography.
高阶螺旋和正弦拉盖尔 - 高斯（LG）激光模式在其多个同心涡旋核心环和瓣中分别具有不均匀的能量分布。在此，我们探索一种实验方法，以可控方式在高阶LG模式的多个同心涡旋核心环和瓣之间重新分配光能。我们通过数值设计了一个显示在空间光调制器上的衍射光学元件，以在多个同心涡旋核心环之间重新排列光能。这在傅里叶平面将外部低强度同心涡旋核心环转变为高阶螺旋LG模式的高强度涡旋核心环。与已知的标准螺旋LG模式相比，精确生成的高阶调制螺旋LG激光模式具有最大数量的高强度同心涡旋核心环。此外，该方法扩展到由低强度和高强度瓣组成的高阶正弦LG模式，以可控方式实现具有最大数量高强度瓣的调制正弦LG模式。我们设想，在许多高强度环和瓣至关重要的应用中，如在微米和纳米颗粒的粒子操纵以及光学光刻中，调制螺旋和正弦高阶LG模式可能会超越标准LG模式。
