Cousin Lakeshia, Bugajski Andrew, Buck Harleah, Lennie Terry, Chung Misook Lee, Moser Debra K
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2022;37(4):E73-E80. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000822. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
African Americans are at the highest risk of developing heart failure (HF) compared with other races and are hospitalized at 7 to 8 times the rate of Whites. Poor overall self-care, low self-care confidence, and lower levels of perceived social support are factors related to increased risk for hospitalizations in HF. Yet, limited evidence is available regarding the factors that may differentially impact self-care confidence by race in patients with HF.
The aim of this study was to examine to what extent race moderates the relationship between perceived social support and self-care confidence.
This is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from African American and White patients with HF in North America (n = 429). Patients completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Self-Care Confidence Scale of the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index. A moderation analysis was conducted using hierarchal linear regression.
Sample mean age was 60.8 ± 11.5 years, 22.4% were African American, and 54.7% were in New York Heart Association class I or II. Moderation analyses yielded a significant interaction of perceived social support and race, showing White patients, not African Americans, have significantly different self-care confidence scores depending on level of social support: White, b = 0.224, 95% confidence interval [0.046-0.094], t = 5.65, and P < .001; African American, b = -0.776, 95% confidence interval [-0.049 to 0.060], t = 0.212, and P = .832.
Our findings show a variable effect of perceived social support on self-care confidence as a function of race, suggesting the need for further research to develop and test interventions tailored to race and levels of social support in HF.
与其他种族相比，非裔美国人患心力衰竭（HF）的风险最高，其住院率是白人的7至8倍。总体自我护理不佳、自我护理信心低以及感知到的社会支持水平较低是与HF住院风险增加相关的因素。然而，关于可能因种族不同而影响HF患者自我护理信心的因素，现有证据有限。
本研究的目的是探讨种族在多大程度上调节感知到的社会支持与自我护理信心之间的关系。
这是对北美非裔美国人和白人HF患者的横断面数据进行的二次分析（n = 429）。患者完成了感知社会支持多维量表和心力衰竭自我护理指数的自我护理信心量表。使用层次线性回归进行调节分析。
样本平均年龄为60.8±11.5岁，22.4%为非裔美国人，54.7%属于纽约心脏协会I或II级。调节分析得出感知到的社会支持与种族之间存在显著交互作用，表明白人患者而非非裔美国人，其自我护理信心得分因社会支持水平而异：白人，b = 0.224，95%置信区间[0.046 - 0.094]，t = 5.65，P <.001；非裔美国人，b = -0.776，95%置信区间[-0.049至0.060]，t = 0.212，P =.832。
我们的研究结果表明，感知到的社会支持对自我护理信心的影响因种族而异，这表明需要进一步研究，以制定和测试针对HF患者种族和社会支持水平的干预措施。
