Fan Jiabei, Jiao Yuechun, Li Changcheng, Bai Jingxu, Zhao Jianming, Jia Suotang
Opt Express. 2023 Sep 11;31(19):31654-31660.
We demonstrate a robust single-photon Ramsey interferometer based on a single Rydberg excitation, where the photon is stored as a Rydberg polariton in an ensemble of atoms. This coherent conversion of the photon to Rydberg polariton enables to split an incoming photon into a superposition state of two Rydberg states by applying microwave fields, which constructs two paths of interferometer. Ramsey interference fringes are demonstrated when we scan either the detuning of the microwave or the free evolution time, from which we can obtain the resonant transition frequency of two Rydberg states. We use the Ramsey-like sequence to demonstrate coherent manipulation of the stored single-photon to construct different interference patterns. In addition, the robustness of the Ramsey interferometer to the fluctuation of incoming photon numbers and optical depth (OD) of the atomic ensemble is tested, showing that the coherent of Ramsey interferometer is preserved for input photon number in a range of R < 15 and for OD varying from 1.0 to 4.0. The robust interferometer will find its applications in quantum precision measurement.
我们展示了一种基于单个里德堡激发的稳健单光子拉姆齐干涉仪，其中光子作为里德堡极化激元存储在原子系综中。光子到里德堡极化激元的这种相干转换能够通过施加微波场将入射光子分裂为两个里德堡态的叠加态，这构建了干涉仪的两条路径。当我们扫描微波失谐或自由演化时间时，会展示出拉姆齐干涉条纹，从中我们可以获得两个里德堡态的共振跃迁频率。我们使用类似拉姆齐的序列来展示对存储的单光子的相干操控，以构建不同的干涉图案。此外，还测试了拉姆齐干涉仪对入射光子数波动和原子系综光学深度（OD）的稳健性，结果表明，对于R < 15范围内的输入光子数以及OD从1.0到4.0变化的情况，拉姆齐干涉仪的相干性得以保持。这种稳健的干涉仪将在量子精密测量中找到其应用。
