Stewart-Brown S, Peters T J, Golding J, Bijur P
Int J Epidemiol. 1986 Sep;15(3):352-9. doi: 10.1093/ije/15.3.352.
Research into possible aetiological factors associated with childhood accidents has failed to produce a consistent picture. In this paper we investigate the extent to which these discrepancies are attributable to different methods of case ascertainment. The approach was to use three different criteria for identifying accidents and to apply a number of commonly used statistical techniques to eight social and environmental factors. The data base consists of a nationally representative sample of 13 135 children (the Child Health and Education Study). In this way, broadly similar profiles were obtained for children reported to have had at least one accident in the first five years and for those who were said to be accident repeaters--the major risk factors in common for these two outcomes were young maternal age and residence in 'average' or 'well-to-do' urban areas. On the other hand, there were major differences in the results when admission to hospital for an accident was taken as the outcome--although young maternal age was still strongly associated, large family size and the loss or replacement of a natural parent were now also dominant risk factors. There was no relationship with area of residence. The conclusion from these example analyses is therefore that variation in case selection can lead to different conclusions about the risk factors associated with childhood accidents.
对与儿童意外事故相关的可能病因因素的研究未能得出一致的结果。在本文中，我们调查了这些差异在多大程度上可归因于不同的病例确定方法。方法是使用三种不同的标准来识别意外事故，并将一些常用的统计技术应用于八个社会和环境因素。数据库由13135名儿童的全国代表性样本（儿童健康与教育研究）组成。通过这种方式，对于报告在头五年至少发生过一次意外事故的儿童以及那些被称为意外事故重复者的儿童，获得了大致相似的概况——这两种结果共有的主要风险因素是母亲年龄小以及居住在“普通”或“富裕”的城市地区。另一方面，当以因意外事故住院作为结果时，结果存在重大差异——尽管母亲年龄小仍然有很强的相关性，但家庭规模大以及亲生父母一方的丧失或替代现在也是主要的风险因素。与居住地区没有关系。因此，这些示例分析得出的结论是，病例选择的差异可能导致关于与儿童意外事故相关的风险因素的不同结论。
