Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec, Québec, Canada.
Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Dec;146:106448. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106448. Epub 2023 Sep 16.
Neglected children are at high risk for significant difficulties in speech and language development. Because no longitudinal study has been conducted to date, the dynamic description of development during the preschool period is unknown.
Establish the developmental trajectories of speech sounds, receptive and expressive vocabulary, and morphosyntax among neglected children during the preschool years and compare them with those of non-neglected children.
Participants are 69 neglected children and 99 same age non-neglected peers (37 and 46 males respectively) recruited at 36 months of age. Data were collected at home.
Data were collected at six-month intervals between the ages of 3 and 5.5 years using psychometrically robust tools. Neglected and control groups were compared according to age using repeated measures ANOVAs on all variables. A discrete mixture model for clustering longitudinal data was used for testing the heterogeneity of the language trajectories among neglected children.
The language development of the neglected children as a whole group is lower than that of the control group for all variables. Two subgroups are identified within the neglected group: one with a developmental trajectory similar to that of the non-neglected children, and another whose trajectory is far below that of the control group. The effect sizes of these differences vary between 1.4 and 3 standard deviations under the mean.
A large proportion of neglected children present significant speech and language difficulties from the age of 3, but some of them catch up and develop similarly to non-neglected children.
被忽视的儿童在言语和语言发展方面存在显著困难的风险较高。由于迄今为止尚未进行纵向研究，因此无法了解学前期间的发展动态描述。
确定被忽视儿童在学前期间言语声音、接受性和表达性词汇、形态句法的发展轨迹，并将其与未被忽视儿童进行比较。
参与者为 69 名被忽视儿童和 99 名同龄未被忽视的儿童（分别为 37 名和 46 名男性），他们在 36 个月大时被招募。数据是在家庭中收集的。
在 3 至 5.5 岁之间，每隔 6 个月使用心理测量学上可靠的工具收集数据。根据年龄，使用重复测量方差分析对所有变量对忽视组和对照组进行比较。离散混合模型用于聚类纵向数据，以测试被忽视儿童语言轨迹的异质性。
整个被忽视儿童组的语言发展在所有变量上均低于对照组。在被忽视组中确定了两个亚组：一个亚组的发展轨迹与未被忽视儿童相似，另一个亚组的轨迹远低于对照组。这些差异的效应大小在平均值以下介于 1.4 和 3 个标准差之间。
很大一部分被忽视的儿童从 3 岁开始就存在显著的言语和语言困难，但其中一些儿童会迎头赶上，并与未被忽视的儿童发展相似。
