Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Molecular Metabolism, SE-21428 Malmö, Sweden.
Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Molecular Metabolism, SE-21428 Malmö, Sweden; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark.
Trends Mol Med. 2023 Dec;29(12):1045-1058. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Sep 16.
The two monoamines serotonin and melatonin have recently been highlighted as potent regulators of islet hormone secretion and overall glucose homeostasis in the body. In fact, dysregulated signaling of both amines are implicated in β-cell dysfunction and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serotonin is a key player in β-cell physiology and plays a role in expansion of β-cell mass. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm and nutrient metabolism and reduces insulin release in human and rodent islets in vitro. Herein, we focus on the role of serotonin and melatonin in islet physiology and the pathophysiology of T2DM. This includes effects on hormone secretion, receptor expression, genetic variants influencing β-cell function, melatonin treatment, and compounds that alter serotonin availability and signaling.
最近，两种单胺类物质——血清素和褪黑素——被强调为体内胰岛激素分泌和整体葡萄糖稳态的有力调节剂。事实上，这两种胺的信号转导失调与β细胞功能障碍和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的发展有关。血清素是β细胞生理学中的关键参与者，在β细胞质量的扩张中发挥作用。褪黑素调节昼夜节律和营养代谢，并减少体外人和啮齿动物胰岛中的胰岛素释放。本文重点介绍了血清素和褪黑素在胰岛生理学和 T2DM 病理生理学中的作用。这包括对激素分泌、受体表达、影响β细胞功能的遗传变异、褪黑素治疗以及改变血清素可用性和信号转导的化合物的影响。
