Department of Anthropology, Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia.
Am J Hum Biol. 2024 Feb;36(2):e23992. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23992. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
To study and analyze the impact of socio-economic factors on secular changes in height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) among Moscow's youth over the time interval from the late 19th-early 20th century to the present.
Anthropometric data, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected through surveys conducted on youths aged 17-20 years in Moscow from the 1880s for males and from the 1920s for females to the present. The dataset includes information on 6434 individuals surveyed from 2000 to 2019, as well as previously published mean values. Economic development indicators, such as gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, monthly average income per capita, and the Gini coefficient, were examined to analyze the association between secular trends in body size and socio-economic conditions.
A positive secular trend in height and weight has been observed among Moscow's youth from the early 20th century to the present. Substantial increases in height occurred during the second half of the previous century, stabilizing in the 2000s. Over the analyzed period, both average body weight and BMI values showed a consistent rise. The pattern for BMI exhibited a U-shaped trend, with a decline from the 1970s to the mid-1990s, followed by a subsequent increase. Strong correlations were found between the secular changes in body size among Moscow's youth and temporal fluctuations in key socio-economic indicators, including GDP per capita, monthly average income per capita, and the Gini coefficient.
The study demonstrates the significant influence of socio-economic conditions on intergenerational changes in body size, as evidenced by the positive secular trend in physique indicators (height, weight, and BMI) among Moscow's youth.
研究和分析社会经济因素对莫斯科青年身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）随时间变化的影响，时间跨度从 19 世纪末到 20 世纪初到现在。
通过对莫斯科 17-20 岁青年进行的调查，收集了包括身高、体重和 BMI 在内的人体测量数据。从 19 世纪 80 年代开始对男性进行调查，从 20 世纪 20 年代开始对女性进行调查，一直持续到现在。该数据集包括了从 2000 年到 2019 年期间对 6434 名被调查者的信息，以及之前发表的平均值。检查了国内生产总值（GDP）人均、人均月收入和基尼系数等经济发展指标，以分析身体大小的世俗趋势与社会经济条件之间的关系。
从 20 世纪初到现在，莫斯科青年的身高和体重一直呈正的世俗趋势。在过去的一个世纪的后半期，身高有了显著的增长，在 21 世纪 00 年代趋于稳定。在分析期间，平均体重和 BMI 值都呈持续上升趋势。BMI 的模式呈 U 形趋势，从 20 世纪 70 年代到 90 年代中期下降，随后又上升。莫斯科青年的身体大小的世俗变化与关键社会经济指标（包括 GDP 人均、人均月收入和基尼系数）的时间波动之间存在很强的相关性。
该研究表明，社会经济条件对代际身体大小变化有显著影响，莫斯科青年的身体指标（身高、体重和 BMI）呈正的世俗趋势就是证明。
