Department of Family Medicine, Infant and Child Health Lab, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Am J Hum Biol. 2024 Feb;36(2):e23987. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23987. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
Reliable measurements of health-related fitness-cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength, body composition, and flexibility-are imperative for understanding and tracking health-related fitness from the preschool age. This study aimed to examine the test-retest reliability of field-based (i.e., sit and reach [standard and back-saver], standing long jump, grip strength); and laboratory-based (i.e., Bruce Protocol Treadmill Test, Wingate Anaerobic Test) assessments of health-related fitness in preschool aged children (4-5 years).
Forty-two typically developing children participated in both assessment time points separated by 2-3 weeks. All fitness assessments were administered individually and repeated in the same order by the same assessor. Heteroscedasticity was examined for each parameter. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to assess test-retest reliability.
All parameters were homoscedastic. Test-retest reliability for the field-based tests and Bruce Protocol Treadmill Test parameters were moderate to good. Test-retest reliability for the Wingate Test parameters were good to excellent for maximum pedal rate, peak power, and peak power/kg; mean power and fatigue measured at 10 and 30 s demonstrated moderate to excellent test-retest reliability.
The standard sit and reach, grip strength, and short-term muscle power from the Wingate test are reliable assessments of health-related fitness in preschool-aged children.
可靠的健康相关体能测量——心肺耐力、肌肉耐力、肌肉力量、身体成分和柔韧性,对于理解和跟踪学龄前儿童的健康相关体能至关重要。本研究旨在检验学龄前儿童(4-5 岁)使用基于现场(即坐式伸展[标准和背伸式]、站立跳远、握力)和基于实验室(即 Bruce 方案跑步机测试、Wingate 无氧测试)的健康相关体能评估的测试-重测信度。
42 名典型发展的儿童在 2-3 周的时间内参加了两次评估。所有的体能评估都是由同一位评估员单独进行的,并且按照相同的顺序重复进行。对每个参数进行了异方差检验。计算了组内相关系数来评估测试-重测信度。
所有参数都是同方差的。基于现场测试和 Bruce 方案跑步机测试参数的测试-重测信度为中等至良好。Wingate 测试的最大蹬踏率、峰值功率和峰值功率/公斤的测试-重测信度为良好至优秀;10 秒和 30 秒时的平均功率和疲劳度的测试-重测信度为中等至优秀。
标准坐式伸展、握力和 Wingate 测试的短期肌肉力量是评估学龄前儿童健康相关体能的可靠指标。