Xu Huimin, Xin Yiyang, Wang Jiaxin, Liu Zixin, Cao Yutong, Li Weiguo, Zhou Yun, Wang Yandong, Liu Peng
Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, China.
People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, China.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023 Oct;25(10):653-662. doi: 10.1007/s11883-023-01147-6. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
Transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) is a non-biliary pathway that excretes excess cholesterol from the body through feces. This article focuses on the research progress of the TICE pathway in the last few years, including the discovery process of the TICE pathway, its molecular mechanism, and potential clinical applications.
Cholesterol homeostasis is vital for cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Beyond the cholesterol excretion via hepatobiliary pathway, TICE contributes significantly to reverse cholesterol transport ex vivo and in vivo. Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate cholesterol metabolism. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and liver X receptor (LXR) activated, respectively, by oxysterols and bile acids promote intestinal cholesterol secretion through ABCG5/G8. Nutrient regulators and intestinal flora also modulate cholesterol secretion through the TICE pathway. TICE allows direct elimination of plasma cholesterol, which may provide an attractive therapeutic targets. TICE pathway may provide a potential target to stimulate cholesterol elimination and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
经肠胆固醇排泄（TICE）是一种非胆汁途径，可通过粪便将体内多余的胆固醇排出体外。本文重点介绍了近年来TICE途径的研究进展，包括TICE途径的发现过程、其分子机制以及潜在的临床应用。
胆固醇稳态对心血管疾病、中风和神经退行性疾病至关重要。除了通过肝胆途径排泄胆固醇外，TICE在体外和体内对逆向胆固醇转运都有显著贡献。核受体是调节胆固醇代谢的配体激活转录因子。分别由氧化甾醇和胆汁酸激活的法尼醇X受体（FXR）和肝X受体（LXR）通过ABCG5/G8促进肠道胆固醇分泌。营养调节剂和肠道菌群也通过TICE途径调节胆固醇分泌。TICE可直接清除血浆胆固醇，这可能提供一个有吸引力的治疗靶点。TICE途径可能为刺激胆固醇清除和降低心血管疾病风险提供一个潜在靶点。
