Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (AHMU), MOE, Hefei, 230032, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Dec;182(12):5353-5365. doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05195-7. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
We aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration trajectories and cognitive performance in preschool-aged Chinese children. We included 2131 children from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (MABC) study. Sleep duration trajectories from 6 to 48 months of age were determined using the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). Children's intellectual development was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Compared to those with a medium total sleep duration trajectory, children with a short total sleep duration trajectory had poorer cognitive performance on the Visual Spatial Index (VSI) (β = -3.65; 95% CI = -6.77 to -0.53), which was associated with an increased risk of a low full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.51). The short total sleep duration trajectory was associated with a low VSI compared with both the medium total sleep duration trajectory and the long total sleep duration trajectory. Compared to children with normal nighttime sleep duration and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories, children with short nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, normal nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, and short nighttime sleep and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories all had lower cognitive performance. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) also showed that children with and appropriate total sleep duration, an adequate nighttime sleep duration, and a moderate daytime sleep duration had higher FSIQ.
The results of this study emphasize that a medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime, and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.
• Sleep duration in infancy is strongly associated with neurocognitive development.
• Medium and long total sleep duration trajectories are beneficial for children's cognitive performance compared to the short total sleep duration trajectory. • A medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.
本研究旨在探讨学龄前中国儿童的睡眠持续时间轨迹与认知表现之间的关系。
我们纳入了来自马鞍山出生队列研究（MABC）的 2131 名儿童。使用基于群组的轨迹建模（GBTM）确定 6 至 48 个月龄时的睡眠持续时间轨迹。采用韦氏学前和小学智力量表评估儿童的智力发育。
与中总睡眠时间轨迹相比，短总睡眠时间轨迹儿童的视觉空间指数（VSI）认知表现较差（β=-3.65；95%CI=-6.77 至-0.53），且全智商（FSIQ）较低的风险增加（OR=1.60；95%CI=1.02 至 2.51）。与中总睡眠时间轨迹和长总睡眠时间轨迹相比，短总睡眠时间轨迹与较低的 VSI 相关。与夜间睡眠时间正常和日间睡眠时间正常的儿童相比，夜间睡眠时间短和日间睡眠时间长、夜间睡眠时间正常和日间睡眠时间长、夜间睡眠时间短和日间睡眠时间正常的儿童认知表现均较低。受限立方样条（RCS）也显示，具有适当总睡眠时间、充足夜间睡眠时间和适度日间睡眠时间的儿童的 FSIQ 更高。
本研究结果强调，中总睡眠时间、充足的夜间睡眠时间和适当的日间睡眠时间似乎更有利于儿童的认知发育。
婴儿期的睡眠持续时间与神经认知发育密切相关。
与短总睡眠时间轨迹相比，中总睡眠时间和长总睡眠时间轨迹均有利于儿童的认知表现。中总睡眠时间、充足的夜间睡眠时间和适当的日间睡眠时间似乎更有利于儿童的认知发育。
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