Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Health Food of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117173. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117173. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Sanhuang ointment (SHO) has been widely used in the traditional Chinese medical system for 1500 years and has efficacy in clearing away heat and dampness, reducing swelling, and alleviating pain. Hemorrhoids will damage the normal physiological function of the body, resulting in obstructed defecation, accompanied by massive hemorrhage and necrosis of tissues and cells, which is easy to breed bacteria and cause infection. SHO can promote lesion healing in hemorrhoid rats, but the pharmacological mechanism underlying this effect remains unknown.
To evaluate the effect of SHO on experimental hemorrhoids in rats induced by croton oil and glacial acetic acid.
In this research, the effective components of SHO were analyzed in detail by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Hemorrhoids were induced by 6% balsam and glacial acetic acid respectively in the anorectal region of rats. SHO was administered externally to the anorectal region of rats at doses of 185 mg/g (crude drug/ointment), 370 mg/g (crude drug/ointment) and 740 mg/g (crude drug/ointment) for 11 days. Mayinglong musk hemorrhoids ointment (1 g/kg) and Taining cream (1 g/kg) were used as reference anti hemorrhoids drugs. On the 11th day, hemorrhoids were evaluated by measuring the biochemical parameters of hemorrhoids in rats and the histology of anorectal tissues.
Using high performance liquid chromatography liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, 41 compounds, including phenylpropionic acids and alkaloids, were identified. the fingerprints of 18 common peaks were identified. In Hemorrhoids like rats, acetic acid induced inflammation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner during SHO treatment. In addition, the detailed experimental results show that SHO can effectively improve hemorrhoids by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines in serum, reversing the down-regulation of vanillin subtype 1 (TRPV1), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) levels of pain related genes in anal tissues, and the up regulation of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels of vascular growth related genes.
The results showed that SHO could alleviate the edema caused by the exudation of anorectal tissue fluid in rats by anti-inflammatory effect and reducing the Vascular permeability of rats. The study validates the traditional use of SHO in the treatment of hemorrhoids and demonstrates its anti-hemorrhoidal potential.
三黄软膏（SHO）在中国传统医学体系中已广泛应用了 1500 年，具有清热利湿、消肿止痛的功效。痔疮会损害身体的正常生理功能，导致排便受阻，伴有大量组织和细胞出血坏死，容易滋生细菌，引起感染。SHO 可促进痔大鼠的病变愈合，但这种作用的药理机制尚不清楚。
评估三黄软膏对蓖麻油和冰醋酸诱导的大鼠实验性痔疮的作用。
本研究采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）和液质联用（LC/MS）详细分析了三黄软膏的有效成分。分别用 6%巴豆油和冰醋酸在大鼠肛区诱导痔疮。三黄软膏以 185mg/g（生药/软膏）、370mg/g（生药/软膏）和 740mg/g（生药/软膏）的剂量局部涂于大鼠肛区，连续 11 天。马应龙麝香痔疮膏（1g/kg）和太宁乳膏（1g/kg）作为参考抗痔药物。第 11 天，通过测量大鼠痔疮的生化参数和肛肠组织的组织学，评价痔疮。
采用高效液相色谱-液质联用技术，鉴定出 41 种化合物，包括苯丙酸类和生物碱类。鉴定了 18 个共有峰的指纹图谱。在 SHR 大鼠中，SHO 治疗呈剂量依赖性抑制醋酸诱导的炎症。此外，详细的实验结果表明，SHO 通过抑制血清中炎症细胞因子的产生，逆转分析组织中香草素亚型 1（TRPV1）、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）和物质 P（SP）等疼痛相关基因表达下调，以及血管生长相关基因血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平的上调，有效改善痔疮。
结果表明，SHO 可通过抗炎作用减轻大鼠肛区组织液渗出引起的水肿，降低大鼠血管通透性。该研究验证了 SHO 在治疗痔疮方面的传统应用，并证明了其抗痔潜力。
