Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) "Sport Performance, Health & Society" Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of "La Manouba", Manouba, Tunisia.
Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Lille, France.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;96(1):245-260. doi: 10.3233/JAD-230305.
Aging often leads to cognitive function decline, sensory structure deterioration, and musculoskeletal system weakening. This impacts postural control during static and dynamic activities like walking, increasing the fall risk among the elderly. Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) face an elevated fall risk and cognitive decline, magnifying the public health concern.
This study aimed to explore solutions by investigating the effects of a multi-component physical activity program on cognitive and motor functions in MCI patients.
Twenty-three participants were enrolled in the study and assigned into two groups: an intervention group (n = 13; age = 85.7±5.5 years) and a control group (n = 9; age = 85±6.7 years). The study spanned two months, with participants engaging in three 60-minute weekly physical exercise sessions. The intervention focused on improving proprioception, muscle strength, and balance.
Results demonstrated significant enhancements in physical performance, fall risk reduction, and balance (p < 0.05). Various tests, including the timed up and go test, Unipedal Stance test, Tinetti test, Short Physical Performance Battery, and 6-minute walking test, indicated these improvements. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination, revealing non-significant progress (p > 0.05). Predictive models for outcomes were developed using linear regression analysis during the follow-up stage.
This study underscores the effectiveness of a multi-component physical activity program encompassing balance, proprioception, and muscle-strengthening exercises as a non-pharmaceutical approach in improving balance skills and playing a key role in mitigating the risk of falls among old adults with MCI.
衰老通常会导致认知功能下降、感觉结构恶化和肌肉骨骼系统减弱。这会影响到老年人在静态和动态活动（如行走）中的姿势控制，增加老年人跌倒的风险。患有轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人面临更高的跌倒风险和认知能力下降，这加剧了公众健康的关注。
本研究旨在通过研究多组分体育活动方案对 MCI 患者认知和运动功能的影响来寻找解决方案。
本研究纳入了 23 名参与者，并将其分为两组：干预组（n=13；年龄=85.7±5.5 岁）和对照组（n=9；年龄=85±6.7 岁）。研究持续了两个月，参与者每周进行三次 60 分钟的体育锻炼。干预措施侧重于改善本体感觉、肌肉力量和平衡。
结果表明，在身体表现、跌倒风险降低和平衡方面均有显著提高（p<0.05）。各种测试，包括计时起立行走测试、单腿站立测试、Tinetti 测试、简短体能测试和 6 分钟步行测试，均显示出这些改善。认知功能通过简易精神状态检查进行评估，结果显示无显著进展（p>0.05）。在随访阶段，使用线性回归分析建立了预测结果的模型。
本研究强调了多组分体育活动方案的有效性，该方案包括平衡、本体感觉和肌肉强化练习，作为一种非药物方法，可改善平衡技能，并在降低 MCI 老年患者跌倒风险方面发挥关键作用。
