Song Caihong, Gao Yunxiang, Sun Qihaoqiang, Zhao Yue, Qi Hui, Chen Zhiru, Li Jie, Wang Shenghui, Wei Zimin
College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:167298. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167298. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
As representative organic and inorganic additives, both biochar and smectite exhibit an excellent capacity to improve humification efficiency during composting. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying biochar/smectite-induced compost humification have still not been fully explored from the perspective of overall organic substances. In this study, three composting treatments were performed as follows: 10 % biochar-amended composting, 10 % smectite-amended composting and natural composting without any additive. UV-visible parameters and synchronous hetero two-dimensional correlation spectra showed that biochar accelerated dissolved organic matter (DOM) complications, unsaturation and aromatization. For example, biochar promoted the C2 and simple C3 peaks to convert into a sophisticated C3/360 peak. However, the effect of smectite was negligible in complicating the DOM structure. Both biochar and smectite displayed an invigorating role in promoting humic substance (HS) formation. The strengthened relations between bacterial richness and physicochemical indicators and HS fractions might contribute to the positive action of biochar/smectite on HS synthesis. Network analysis showed that both bacterial functional omnipotence and specialization in response to the addition of catalysts may contribute to compost humification. The chemical pathway involved in DOM humification was intensified by enhancing the role of pH in biochar composting and weakening the degradation of unsaturated aromatic compounds of DOM with smectite addition. These findings benefit the practical application of biochar/smectite in promoting composting efficiency.
作为典型的有机和无机添加剂，生物炭和蒙脱石在堆肥过程中均表现出卓越的提高腐殖化效率的能力。然而，从整体有机物质的角度来看，生物炭/蒙脱石诱导堆肥腐殖化的机制仍未得到充分探索。在本研究中，进行了三种堆肥处理，如下所示：10%生物炭改良堆肥、10%蒙脱石改良堆肥和不添加任何添加剂的自然堆肥。紫外可见参数和同步异质二维相关光谱表明，生物炭加速了溶解有机物（DOM）的复杂化、不饱和化和芳构化。例如，生物炭促进了C2和简单C3峰转化为复杂的C3/360峰。然而，蒙脱石对DOM结构复杂化的影响可忽略不计。生物炭和蒙脱石在促进腐殖质（HS）形成方面均发挥了促进作用。细菌丰富度与理化指标和HS组分之间增强的关系可能有助于生物炭/蒙脱石对HS合成的积极作用。网络分析表明，细菌功能的全能性和对催化剂添加的特异性响应可能有助于堆肥腐殖化。通过增强pH在生物炭堆肥中的作用以及减弱添加蒙脱石时DOM不饱和芳香化合物的降解，强化了DOM腐殖化所涉及的化学途径。这些发现有利于生物炭/蒙脱石在提高堆肥效率方面的实际应用。
