Bresciani Giorgia, Manai Federico, Davinelli Sergio, Tucci Paolo, Saso Luciano, Amadio Marialaura
Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Department of Biology and Biotechnology L. Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Front Pharmacol. 2023 Sep 7;14:1264842. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1264842. eCollection 2023.
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. DMF is known to stabilize the transcription factor Nrf2, which in turn induces the expression of antioxidant response element genes. It has also been shown that DMF influences autophagy and participates in the transcriptional control of inflammatory factors by inhibiting NF-κB and its downstream targets. DMF is receiving increasing attention for its potential to be repurposed for several diseases. This versatile molecule is indeed able to exert beneficial effects on different medical conditions through a pleiotropic mechanism, in virtue of its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. A growing number of preclinical and clinical studies show that DMF may have important therapeutic implications for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory pathologies, cancer, eye disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and systemic or organ specific inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. This comprehensive review summarizes and highlights the plethora of DMF's beneficial effects and underlines its repurposing opportunities in a variety of clinical conditions.
富马酸二甲酯（DMF）是一种经美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗银屑病和多发性硬化症的药物。已知DMF可稳定转录因子Nrf2，进而诱导抗氧化反应元件基因的表达。研究还表明，DMF通过抑制核因子κB（NF-κB）及其下游靶点来影响自噬并参与炎症因子的转录调控。由于其有可能被重新用于治疗多种疾病，DMF正受到越来越多的关注。凭借其抗氧化、免疫调节、神经保护、抗炎和抗增殖作用，这种多功能分子确实能够通过多效机制对不同的医学病症产生有益影响。越来越多的临床前和临床研究表明，DMF可能对慢性疾病具有重要的治疗意义，如心血管和呼吸系统疾病、癌症、眼部疾病、神经退行性疾病以及全身性或器官特异性炎症和免疫介导的疾病。这篇综述总结并强调了DMF的众多有益作用，并突出了其在各种临床病症中的重新利用机会。
