Yadav Vikas, Vempati Roopeessh, Sagoo Gurbina, Youssef Ibrahim, Serafimovski Nenad
Internal Medicine, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, IND.
Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, Detroit, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 22;15(8):e43907. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43907. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Accessory tricuspid valve (ATV) is a rare cardiac anomaly often associated with other complex cardiac disorders, most commonly tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and ventricular septal defect (VSD), but it can also be an isolated entity. It is usually diagnosed in childhood. It can be asymptomatic and get diagnosed incidentally, but it can also lead to cardiac complications such as right ventricular outflow obstruction (RVOTO) or tricuspid valve regurgitation. Here, we present the case of a 23-year-old woman with an isolated ATV diagnosed on an echocardiogram without symptoms after a physical exam noted a murmur, with a subsequent echocardiogram showing moderate to severe tricuspid valve regurgitation. A literature review was also performed. Only a small number of ATV cases have been reported, most of them diagnosed in childhood and associated with other congenital cardiac anomalies. Most of the cases necessitated surgical intervention, with a portion resulting in fatalities. It is important to understand the diagnosis and morphology of the ATV due to its association with dangerous complications to guide the management of this entity. It is also important to conduct further research to understand the inheritance of this pathology and develop screening and prevention plans.
副三尖瓣（ATV）是一种罕见的心脏异常，常与其他复杂的心脏疾病相关，最常见的是法洛四联症（TOF）和室间隔缺损（VSD），但它也可以是一个孤立的病变。它通常在儿童期被诊断出来。它可以是无症状的，偶然被诊断出来，但也可能导致心脏并发症，如右心室流出道梗阻（RVOTO）或三尖瓣反流。在此，我们报告一例23岁女性，在体格检查发现杂音后，经超声心动图诊断为孤立性ATV，无症状，随后的超声心动图显示中度至重度三尖瓣反流。我们还进行了文献综述。仅报道了少数ATV病例，其中大多数在儿童期被诊断出来，并与其他先天性心脏异常相关。大多数病例需要手术干预，部分病例导致死亡。由于ATV与危险并发症相关，了解其诊断和形态对于指导该病变的管理很重要。开展进一步研究以了解该病理的遗传方式并制定筛查和预防计划也很重要。
