Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Oct;30(49):108051-108066. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29995-4. Epub 2023 Sep 25.
The excessive utilization of fossil fuels has worsened global warming and exacerbated the levels of air pollution in the environment, forcing us to consider alternative fuels for compression ignition engines. The current research aims to explore the possibilities of renewable fuels outperforming diesel fuel in terms of combustion, performance, and emission characteristics. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly and renewable alternative fuel. The major drawback of biodiesel is the significant rise in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. The main novelty and objective of this research is to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of variable compression ratio diesel engine using DPA antioxidant additive. For this investigation, diesel, Jatropha biodiesel (B30) and 100 ppm of phenolic antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA) blended with B30 have been used as fuel named B30+DPA100. From experimental outcomes, the inclusion of diphenylamine to B30 blend resulted in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) being reduced by 8.86% and 4.12%, respectively, compared to B30. Simultaneously, there was a 1.11% increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTHE). The B30+DPA100 fuel blend demonstrates effective control over NOx and other emissions. The emissions of NOx, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke from the B30+DPA100 blend have shown a reduction of 6.8%, 5.34%, 7.86%, and 15.67%, respectively, when compared to diesel. However, there has been an increase in carbon dioxide (CO) by 7.8%. One notable advantage of the B30+DPA100 blend is the significant decrease in NOx emissions. Additionally, the cylinder pressure for B30+DPA100 has been lowered by 4.93% compared to B30. On the other hand, the net heat release rate (NHR) has experienced a 1.72% increase. The particle size of different elements present in the crankcase oil has been calculated by Zetasizer Nano. The analysis revealed varying particle sizes for different elements in the crankcase oil: aluminum (2.724 μm), chromium (2.78 μm), iron (2.423 μm), and lead (2.587 μm).
化石燃料的过度利用加剧了全球变暖，并使环境中的空气污染程度恶化，这迫使我们考虑使用替代燃料来驱动压燃式发动机。目前的研究旨在探索可再生燃料在燃烧、性能和排放特性方面超越柴油燃料的可能性。生物柴油是一种环保且可再生的替代燃料。生物柴油的主要缺点是氮氧化物（NOx）排放量显著增加。本研究的主要新颖性和目标是研究使用抗氧化添加剂 DPA 的可变压缩比柴油机的性能和排放特性。为此，使用了柴油、麻疯树生物柴油（B30）和 100ppm 的酚类抗氧化剂二苯胺（DPA）与 B30 混合作为燃料，称为 B30+DPA100。从实验结果来看，与 B30 相比，二苯胺的加入使 B30 混合物的比燃料消耗（BSFC）和废气温度（EGT）分别降低了 8.86%和 4.12%，同时制动热效率（BTHE）提高了 1.11%。B30+DPA100 燃料混合物对 NOx 和其他排放物的控制效果显著。与柴油相比，B30+DPA100 混合物的 NOx、一氧化碳（CO）、碳氢化合物（HC）和烟排放分别减少了 6.8%、5.34%、7.86%和 15.67%，而二氧化碳（CO）排放增加了 7.8%。B30+DPA100 混合物的一个显著优点是其 NOx 排放量显著降低。此外，与 B30 相比，B30+DPA100 的缸内压力降低了 4.93%。另一方面，净放热率（NHR）增加了 1.72%。通过 Zetasizer Nano 计算了油底壳油中存在的不同元素的颗粒尺寸。分析表明，油底壳油中不同元素的颗粒尺寸不同：铝（2.724μm）、铬（2.78μm）、铁（2.423μm）和铅（2.587μm）。
