Conahan S T, Vogel W H
Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1986 Sep;53(3):301-17.
In unstressed rats, doses of 1 mg/kg and higher of diazepam produced tachycardia without changing blood pressure. Sub-chronic dosing (10 mg/kg/day for 4 days) resulted in increased magnitude and duration of the tachycardia. This diazepam induced tachycardia was unaffected by reserpine, slightly blocked by propranolol and abolished by atropine pretreatment. In animals anesthetized with ketamine, diazepam did not change heart rate or blood pressure. When animals were stressed by restraint, heart rate and blood pressure increased markedly. Diazepam did not affect the stress-induced tachycardia but reduced the stress-induced hypertension. These studies show that diazepam has no effect on heart rate or blood pressure in anesthetized animals, has no effect on blood pressure in conscious, unstressed animals but increases heart rate significantly probably by central vagal inhibition and, does not antagonize a stress-induced tachycardia but antagonizes stress-induced increases in blood pressure probably by a reduction in peripheral sympathetic tone.
在未受应激的大鼠中，剂量为1毫克/千克及以上的地西泮会引起心动过速，但血压不变。亚慢性给药（10毫克/千克/天，持续4天）会导致心动过速的幅度和持续时间增加。这种地西泮诱导的心动过速不受利血平影响，受普萘洛尔轻微阻滞，经阿托品预处理后可消除。在用氯胺酮麻醉的动物中，地西泮不会改变心率或血压。当动物受到束缚应激时，心率和血压会显著升高。地西泮不影响应激诱导的心动过速，但可减轻应激诱导的高血压。这些研究表明，地西泮对麻醉动物的心率或血压无影响，对清醒、未受应激动物的血压无影响，但可能通过中枢迷走神经抑制显著增加心率，并且不拮抗应激诱导的心动过速，但可能通过降低外周交感神经张力来拮抗应激诱导的血压升高。
