Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 26;18(9):e0285874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285874. eCollection 2023.
Interleukin-17F (IL-17F), considered a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to contribute to skeletal tissue degradation and hence chronic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we utilized bioinformatics tools to analyze the effect of three exonic SNPs (rs2397084, rs11465553, and rs763780) on the structure and function of the IL-17F gene, and evaluated their association with RA in Pakistani patients. The predicted deleterious and damaging effects of identified genetic variants were assessed through the utilization of multiple bioinformatics tools including PROVEAN, SNP&GO, SIFT, and PolyPhen2. Structural and functional effects of these variants on protein structures were evaluated through the use of additional tools such as I-Mutant, MutPred, and ConSurf. Three-dimensional (3D) models of both the wild-type and mutant proteins were constructed through the utilization of I-TASSER software, with subsequent structural comparisons between the models conducted through the use of the TM-align score. A total of 500 individuals, 250 cases and 250 controls, were genotyped through Tri-ARMS-PCR method and the resultant data was statistically analyzed using various inheritance models. Our bioinformatics analysis showed significant structural differences for wild type and mutant protein (TM-scores and RMSD values were 0.85934 and 2.34 for rs2397084 (E126G), 0.87388 and 2.49 for rs11465553 (V155I), and 0.86572 and 0.86572 for rs763780 (H161R) with decrease stability for the later. Overall, these tools enabled us to predict that these variants are crucial in causing disease phenotypes. We further tested each of these single nucleotide variants for their association with RA. Our analysis revealed a strong positive association between the genetic variant rs763780 and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at both the genotypic and allelic levels. The genotypic association was statistically significant[χ2 = 111.8; P value <0.0001], as was the allelic level [OR 3.444 (2.539-4.672); P value 0.0008]. These findings suggest that the presence of this genetic variant may increase the susceptibility to RA. Similarly, we observed a significant distribution of the genetic variant rs11465553 at the genotypic level [χ2 = 25.24; P value = 0.0001]. However, this variant did not show a significant association with RA at the allelic level [OR = 1.194 (0.930-1.531); P value = 0.183]. However, the distribution of variant rs2397084 was more or less random across our sample with no significant association either at genotypic and or allelic level. Put together, our association study and in silico prediction of decreasing of IL17-F protein stabilty confirmed that two SNPs, rs11465553 and rs763780 are crucial to the suscetibility of and showed that these RA in Pakistani patients.
白细胞介素-17F(IL-17F)被认为是一种促炎细胞因子,已被证明有助于类风湿关节炎(RA)骨骼组织的降解和慢性炎症。在这项研究中,我们利用生物信息学工具分析了三个外显子 SNP(rs2397084、rs11465553 和 rs763780)对 IL-17F 基因结构和功能的影响,并评估了它们与巴基斯坦患者 RA 的关联。通过使用多种生物信息学工具,包括 PROVEAN、SNP&GO、SIFT 和 PolyPhen2,评估了鉴定遗传变异的潜在有害和破坏性影响。通过使用 I-Mutant、MutPred 和 ConSurf 等其他工具,评估了这些变异对蛋白质结构的结构和功能影响。通过使用 I-TASSER 软件构建了野生型和突变型蛋白质的三维(3D)模型,然后通过使用 TM-align 分数对模型进行结构比较。通过 Tri-ARMS-PCR 方法对 500 个人进行了基因分型,其中 250 个病例和 250 个对照,使用各种遗传模型对所得数据进行了统计分析。我们的生物信息学分析显示,野生型和突变型蛋白存在显著的结构差异(TM 分数和 RMSD 值分别为 rs2397084(E126G)的 0.85934 和 2.34、rs11465553(V155I)的 0.87388 和 2.49,以及 rs763780(H161R)的 0.86572 和 0.86572,后一种蛋白质稳定性降低)。总的来说,这些工具使我们能够预测这些变体在引起疾病表型方面至关重要。我们进一步测试了这些单核苷酸变体与 RA 的关联。我们的分析表明,遗传变异 rs763780 与类风湿关节炎(RA)发病风险之间存在强烈的正相关,无论是在基因型还是等位基因水平。基因型关联具有统计学意义[χ2 = 111.8;P 值<0.0001],等位基因水平也是如此[OR 3.444(2.539-4.672);P 值 0.0008]。这些发现表明,这种遗传变异的存在可能会增加患 RA 的易感性。同样,我们在基因型水平上观察到遗传变异 rs11465553 的显著分布[χ2 = 25.24;P 值=0.0001]。然而,该变体在等位基因水平上与 RA 没有显著关联[OR = 1.194(0.930-1.531);P 值=0.183]。然而,变体 rs2397084 的分布在我们的样本中或多或少是随机的,无论是在基因型还是等位基因水平上都没有显著关联。综上所述,我们的关联研究和白细胞介素 17-F 蛋白稳定性降低的计算机预测证实,两个 SNP(rs11465553 和 rs763780)对巴基斯坦患者的 RA 易感性至关重要,并表明这些 SNP 与 RA 有关。