Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2023 Sep 26;23(1):390. doi: 10.1186/s12886-023-03131-9.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and detection rates greatly varied across studies. This study aimed to investigate the presence of HPV in eyelid SGC and SCC among Koreans and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.
Surgically resected eyelid samples diagnosed as SGC or SCC from January 1999 to June 2011 were identified from the pathology database of three referral centres in Korea. Clinicopathological information including origin (skin vs. tarsal conjunctiva) and treatment outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p16, HPV DNA in situ hybridisation (ISH), and polymerase chain reaction-based DNA microarray were performed in paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
Our cohort included 34 SGC and 12 SCC cases with Asian ethnicity. HPV was detected in 4 SGC and 6 SCC by DNA microarray, while 2 SCC (16.7%) showed positivity in ISH. SCC of tarsal conjunctival origin was significantly more common in HPV-positive SCC than in HPV-negative SCC (5 of 6 vs. 0 of 6, P = 0.015, Fisher's exact test). Among samples showing positive staining in p16 IHC, HPV positivity rates were 0.0% (0/19) in SGC and 100% (3/3) in SCC. There was no significant difference in overall and local recurrence rate in eyelid SGC and SCC according to the HPV status (P > 0.99).
HPV was found in a subset of eyelid SGC and SCC among Koreans and might be aetiologically related to SCC of tarsal conjunctival origin. Overexpression of p16 is considered to be inappropriate as an indicator of HPV infection in eyelid SGC. Further investigation is required to elucidate the transmission route and pathogenic roles of HPV.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）已在眼睑皮脂腺癌（SGC）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）中被检测到，并且在不同的研究中其检出率差异很大。本研究旨在调查 HPV 在韩国人眼睑 SGC 和 SCC 中的存在情况及其与临床病理特征的相关性。
从韩国三个转诊中心的病理数据库中确定了 1999 年 1 月至 2011 年 6 月期间诊断为 SGC 或 SCC 的手术切除的眼睑样本。回顾性分析临床病理信息，包括起源（皮肤与睑板结膜）和治疗结果。对石蜡包埋组织切片进行 p16 的免疫组织化学（IHC）、HPV 原位杂交（ISH）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）基于 DNA 微阵列检测。
我们的队列包括 34 例 SGC 和 12 例 SCC，患者均为亚洲人。通过 DNA 微阵列在 4 例 SGC 和 6 例 SCC 中检测到 HPV，而 2 例 SCC（16.7%）ISH 阳性。与 HPV 阴性 SCC 相比，HPV 阳性 SCC 中源自睑板结膜的 SCC 更为常见（6 例中的 5 例与 6 例中的 0 例，P = 0.015，Fisher 确切检验）。在 p16 IHC 显示阳性染色的样本中，SGC 中 HPV 阳性率为 0.0%（0/19），SCC 中为 100%（3/3）。根据 HPV 状态，眼睑 SGC 和 SCC 的总复发率和局部复发率无显著差异（P > 0.99）。
在韩国人中，HPV 存在于眼睑 SGC 和 SCC 的一部分中，可能与源自睑板结膜的 SCC 有病因学上的关系。p16 的过度表达被认为不适合作为眼睑 SGC 中 HPV 感染的指标。需要进一步研究以阐明 HPV 的传播途径和致病作用。
