磁共振成像和 X 光摄影评估年轻无症状达克斯猎犬的椎间盘退变。

Evaluation of intervertebral disc degeneration in young adult asymptomatic Dachshunds with magnetic resonance imaging and radiography.

机构信息

Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.

Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.

出版信息

Acta Vet Scand. 2023 Sep 27;65(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s13028-023-00702-0.

DOI:10.1186/s13028-023-00702-0

PMID:37752484

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10523717/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Dachshunds have a high prevalence of intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) to which they are predisposed due to early intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and calcification. Moreover, the recently found 12-FGF4 retrogene (RG) is associated with calcified discs visible on radiographs (CDVR) and IVDD. Earlier studies suggest that all IVDs of one-year-old Dachshunds show signs of degeneration. This prospective, analytical, blinded study aimed to investigate the extent and distribution of IVD degeneration in young adult (24-31 months) asymptomatic Dachshunds (n = 21) hypothesizing that not all IVDs of two-year-old Dachshunds are degenerated. Another aim was to explore the correlations between IVD degeneration evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the number of CDVR, and the dog's 12-FGF4RG status. The study protocol included grading the CDVR on spinal radiographs, grading the IVD degeneration on T2-weighted sagittal and transverse high-field MR images of all IVDs (n = 546), and 12-FGF4RG variant genotyping.

RESULTS

Of all IVDs evaluated, 2% (n = 11) were normal based on MRI grading. Despite the study population having moderately degenerated IVDs (median MRI grade 3), there was also variation in the degree of IVD degeneration between individuals and in the distribution of IVD degeneration between different vertebral regions. The number of CDVR correlated significantly with the magnitude of IVD degeneration based on MRI evaluation and with the 12-FGF4RG genotype. The odds for being 12-FGF4RG homozygous were higher for Dachshunds with CDVR. However, the 12-FGF4RG variant did not alone explain the phenotypic variation in IVD degeneration.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of CDVR is a valid indicator of overall IVD degeneration, as it correlates with MRI-based IVD grading. Also, as the extent and distribution of IVD degeneration varies between individual Dachshunds, selective breeding against IVDD using radiographic screening and 12-FGF4RG variant genotyping is possible.

摘要

背景

腊肠犬易患椎间盘疾病（IVDD），这与其椎间盘（IVD）早期退化和钙化有关。此外，最近发现的 12-FGF4 反转基因（RG）与 X 光片上可见的钙化椎间盘（CDVR）和 IVDD 有关。早期研究表明，一岁大的腊肠犬的所有椎间盘都有退化的迹象。本前瞻性、分析性、盲法研究旨在调查年轻成年（24-31 个月）无症状腊肠犬（n=21）的椎间盘退化程度和分布，假设并非所有两岁大的腊肠犬的椎间盘都退化了。另一个目的是探讨 MRI 评估的椎间盘退化程度与 CDVR 数量以及犬 12-FGF4RG 状态之间的相关性。研究方案包括对脊柱 X 光片上的 CDVR 进行分级、对所有椎间盘的 T2 加权矢状位和高磁场横断面磁共振图像（n=546）进行椎间盘退化分级以及 12-FGF4RG 变体基因分型。

结果

根据 MRI 分级，所有评估的椎间盘中，有 2%（n=11）为正常。尽管研究人群的椎间盘有中度退化（MRI 分级中位数为 3 级），但个体之间椎间盘退化的程度和不同椎骨区域之间椎间盘退化的分布也存在差异。CDVR 的数量与 MRI 评估的椎间盘退化程度以及 12-FGF4RG 基因型显著相关。CDVR 阳性的腊肠犬 12-FGF4RG 纯合子的可能性更高。然而，12-FGF4RG 变体并不能单独解释椎间盘退化的表型变异。