阿片类药物使用障碍个体的韧性表型与心理功能。
Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder.
机构信息
Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Subst Use Misuse. 2024;59(1):41-49. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2259450. Epub 2023 Dec 1.
BACKGROUND
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning.
METHODS
This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry ( = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress).
RESULTS
Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, = 0.56, (5,62) = 15.7, <.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 ( = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 ( = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The "High-Resilience Cluster" (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, = 0.732, (4, 50) = 7.05, < 0.003.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct "resilience phenotypes" emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD.
背景
阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）是一种异质性障碍。然而，缺乏针对韧性等重要心理结构的深入表型研究，而这些结构可能会影响 OUD。本研究旨在调查阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）个体的特质韧性与五因素人格模型（FFM）之间的关系。我们还探讨了 FFM 和特质韧性是否形成与心理功能相关的特定表型。
方法
本研究为一项表观遗传学研究的二次分析，纳入了符合 DSM-5 阿片类药物使用障碍标准的非洲裔参与者（n=72），这是一个研究较少的人群。参与者完成了评估人格特质、特质韧性、当前和以前的药物使用以及心理功能（抑郁、焦虑和压力）的测量。
结果
线性回归显示韧性（CD-RISC-25 评分）与 FFM 之间存在显著关系，β=0.56，（5,62）=15.7，<0.001。此外，聚类分析得出两聚类分类是最佳解决方案。聚类 1（n=33，占样本的 45.8%）的韧性（CD-RISC-25 评分：M=58.6，SD=11.2）明显低于聚类 2（n=35，占 48.6%；M=76.1，SD=11.9）。“高韧性聚类”（聚类 2）的特点是具有更高的 FFM 特质：外向性、开放性、宜人性和尽责性，以及较低的神经质，与聚类 1 相比。多变量方差分析显示，两个韧性聚类在其他心理症状方面存在统计学上的显著差异，F（4,50）=7.05，p<0.003。
结论
这些发现表明，OUD 个体的 FFM 和特质韧性之间存在关联。出现了两种不同的“韧性表型”，高韧性个体表现出较少的压力、焦虑和抑郁症状。研究结果强调了韧性作为 OUD 人群干预靶点的临床重要性。
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