D'Astolto Roberto, Quintarelli Lavinia, Corrà Alberto, Caproni Marzia, Fania Luca, Di Zenzo Giovanni, Didona Biagio, Gasparini Giulia, Cozzani Emanuele, Feliciani Claudio
Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence.
Dermatol Reports. 2023 Jun 14;15(3):9641. doi: 10.4081/dr.2023.9641. eCollection 2023 Sep 12.
Autoimmune bullous diseases are a heterogeneous group of rare conditions clinically characterized by the presence of blisters and/or erosions on the skin and the mucous membranes. Practically, they can be divided into two large groups: the pemphigoid group and the pemphigus group, depending on the depth of the autoimmune process on the skin. A family history of autoimmune diseases can often be found, demonstrating that genetic predisposition is crucial for their development. Moreover, numerous environmental risk factors, such as solar radiation, drugs, and infections, are known. This study aimed to evaluate how seasonality can affect the trend of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris, especially considering the number of hospitalizations recorded over the course of individual months. The total number of hospitalizations in the twelve months of the year was evaluated. Moreover, blood chemistry assay and, for some patients, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were executed to evaluate antibodies. Regarding the severity of the disease, the bullous pemphigoid area index and the pemphigus disease area index score systems were used. Results showed a complex interplay between environmental factors such as seasons and autoimmune conditions.
自身免疫性大疱性疾病是一组异质性罕见疾病，临床特征为皮肤和黏膜上出现水疱和/或糜烂。实际上，根据自身免疫过程在皮肤中的深度，它们可分为两大类：类天疱疮组和天疱疮组。自身免疫性疾病的家族史常常可见，这表明遗传易感性对其发病至关重要。此外，已知许多环境危险因素，如太阳辐射、药物和感染。本研究旨在评估季节变化如何影响大疱性类天疱疮和寻常型天疱疮的发病趋势，特别是考虑各月份记录的住院人数。评估了一年中十二个月的住院总数。此外，还进行了血液化学分析，对部分患者进行了酶联免疫吸附测定以评估抗体。关于疾病的严重程度，使用了大疱性类天疱疮面积指数和天疱疮疾病面积指数评分系统。结果显示季节等环境因素与自身免疫性疾病之间存在复杂的相互作用。
