Kernan Ashley R, Jones Melissa S, Lehmann Peter S, Meldrum Ryan C
Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States.
Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Sep 16;36:102426. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102426. eCollection 2023 Dec.
The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors across distinct intersections of race/ethnicity and gender among adolescents remains understudied. The current study seeks to address this important gap in suicide scholarship using a statewide representative sample of U.S. Florida middle school and high school adolescents. Data drawn from the 2022 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey (FYSAS) ( = 41,764) were analyzed to examine disparities in suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among 26 racial/ethnic and gender subgroups of middle school and high school aged adolescents. Survey-weighted prevalence estimates for both suicidality outcomes were generated, and binary contrasts were used to assess the statistical significance of the differences in the probabilities between members of each subgroup and youth belonging to all other subgroups. Our results indicate that the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts was highly gendered and varied according to racial/ethnic subgroups. Native American girls reported more suicidal thoughts (49.9%) and attempts (16.5%) in the past 12 months than any race/gender group. Other racial/ethnic and gender groups that reported particularly high rates of suicidal thoughts and attempts were West Indian/Caribbean female adolescents (48.8% and 13.4%, respectively), Puerto Rican female adolescents (48.5% and 14.7%, respectively), and Black/non-Hispanic female adolescents (19.9% and 15.6%, respectively). Because certain gender and race/ethnic subgroups are at an increased risk for suicidality, more research is needed to better understand the risk and protective factors to determine which suicide prevention strategies might best serve each group.
青少年中不同种族/族裔与性别的交叉群体中自杀念头和行为的普遍性仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在利用佛罗里达州全州具有代表性的美国中学和高中青少年样本，填补自杀学领域这一重要空白。分析了从2022年佛罗里达青少年药物滥用调查（FYSAS）（n = 41,764）中获取的数据，以研究中学和高中年龄段青少年的26个种族/族裔和性别亚组在自杀念头和自杀未遂方面的差异。生成了两种自杀结果的调查加权患病率估计值，并使用二元对比评估每个亚组成员与所有其他亚组青少年之间概率差异的统计学显著性。我们的结果表明，自杀念头和未遂的患病率存在高度性别差异，并因种族/族裔亚组而异。在过去12个月中，美国原住民女孩报告的自杀念头（49.9%）和自杀未遂（16.5%）比任何种族/性别群体都多。报告自杀念头和自杀未遂率特别高的其他种族/族裔和性别群体包括西印度/加勒比地区女性青少年（分别为48.8%和13.4%）、波多黎各女性青少年（分别为48.5%和14.7%）以及黑人/非西班牙裔女性青少年（分别为19.9%和15.6%）。由于某些性别和种族/族裔亚组的自杀风险增加，需要更多研究来更好地了解风险和保护因素，以确定哪种自杀预防策略可能最适合每个群体。
