MMWR Suppl. 2023 Apr 28;72(1):45-54. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.su7201a6.
Suicide is the third leading cause of death among high school-aged youths aged 14-18 years. The 2021 suicide rate for this age group was 9.0 per 100,000 population. Updating a previous analysis of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey during 2009-2019, this report uses 2019 and 2021 data to examine high school students' reports of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Prevalence estimates are reported by grade, race and ethnicity, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts. Unadjusted logistic regression models were used to calculate prevalence differences comparing 2019 to 2021 and prevalence ratios comparing suicidal behavior between subgroups across demographic characteristics to a referent group. From 2019 to 2021, female students had an increased prevalence of seriously considered attempting suicide (from 24.1% to 30%), an increase in making a suicide plan (from 19.9% to 23.6%), and an increase in suicide attempts (from 11.0% to 13.3%). In addition, from 2019 to 2021, Black or African American (Black), Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic), and White female students had an increased prevalence of seriously considered attempting suicide. In 2021, Black female students had an increased prevalence of suicide attempts and Hispanic female students had an increased prevalence of suicide attempts that required medical treatment compared with White female students. Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors remained stable overall for male students from 2019 to 2021. A comprehensive approach to suicide prevention with a focus on health equity is needed to address these disparities and reduce prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors for all youths. School and community-based strategies include creating safe and supportive environments, promoting connectedness, teaching coping and problem solving, and gatekeeper training.
自杀是 14-18 岁青少年人群的第三大死因。该年龄段 2021 年的自杀率为每 10 万人中有 9.0 人。本报告在上一次对 2009-2019 年期间的《青年风险行为调查》进行分析的基础上进行了更新，使用 2019 年和 2021 年的数据来检查有自杀念头和行为的高中生的报告。按年级、种族和族裔、性认同和性接触者的性别报告流行率估计数。未调整的逻辑回归模型用于计算 2019 年至 2021 年比较和自杀行为比较的流行率差异，以及跨人口统计学特征的自杀行为在参照组之间的流行率比。从 2019 年到 2021 年，女生自杀意念的发生率增加（从 24.1%增加到 30%），自杀计划的发生率增加（从 19.9%增加到 23.6%），自杀企图的发生率增加（从 11.0%增加到 13.3%）。此外，从 2019 年到 2021 年，黑人和非裔美国人（黑人）、西班牙裔或拉丁裔（西班牙裔）和白人女生自杀意念的发生率增加。2021 年，黑人女生自杀企图的发生率增加，而西班牙裔女生需要医疗救治的自杀企图的发生率增加，与白人女生相比。从 2019 年到 2021 年，总体而言，男生自杀念头和行为的发生率保持稳定。需要采取注重健康公平的综合性自杀预防方法来解决这些差异，并降低所有青少年自杀念头和行为的发生率。学校和社区为基础的策略包括创造安全和支持性的环境、促进联系、教授应对和解决问题的方法以及培训看门人。
