Liu Binyan, Zhang Shuhua, Li Ming, Wang Yu, Mei Dajiang
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Aug 24;13(9):755. doi: 10.3390/membranes13090755.
The incorporation of different functional fillers has been widely used to improve the properties of polymeric materials. The polyhydroxy structure of PVA with excellent film-forming ability can be easily combined with organic/inorganic multifunctional compounds, and such an interesting combining phenomenon can create a variety of functional materials in the field of materials science. The composite membrane material obtained by combining MOF material with high porosity, specific surface area, and adjustable structure with PVA, a non-toxic and low-cost polymer material with good solubility and biodegradability, can combine the processability of PVA with the excellent performance of porous filler MOFs, solving the problem that the poor machinability of MOFs and the difficulty of recycling limit the practical application of powdered MOFs and improving the physicochemical properties of PVA, maximizing the advantages of the material to develop a wider range of applications. Firstly, we systematically summarize the preparation of MOF/PVA composite membrane materials using solution casting, electrostatic spinning, and other different methods for such excellent properties, in addition to discussing in detail the various applications of MOF/PVA composite membranes in water treatment, sensing, air purification, separation, antibacterials, and so on. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the difficulties that need to be overcome during the film formation process to affect the performance of the composite film and offer encouraging solutions.
掺入不同的功能性填料已被广泛用于改善聚合物材料的性能。具有优异成膜能力的聚乙烯醇（PVA）的多羟基结构能够轻易地与有机/无机多功能化合物结合，这种有趣的结合现象能够在材料科学领域创造出多种功能材料。将具有高孔隙率、比表面积和可调节结构的金属有机框架（MOF）材料与具有良好溶解性和生物降解性的无毒低成本聚合物材料PVA相结合而得到的复合膜材料，能够将PVA的可加工性与多孔填料MOF的优异性能相结合，解决了MOF可加工性差以及回收困难限制了粉末状MOF实际应用的问题，并改善了PVA的物理化学性质，最大限度地发挥了材料的优势以开发更广泛的应用。首先，我们系统地总结了使用溶液浇铸、静电纺丝等不同方法制备具有如此优异性能的MOF/PVA复合膜材料，此外还详细讨论了MOF/PVA复合膜在水处理、传感、空气净化、分离、抗菌等方面的各种应用。最后，我们讨论了在成膜过程中影响复合膜性能需要克服的困难并给出了令人鼓舞的解决方案。
