Aida Honoka, Ying Bei-Wen
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Aug 25;12(9):1170. doi: 10.3390/biology12091170.
Exploring the minimal genetic requirements for cells to maintain free living is an exciting topic in biology. Multiple approaches are employed to address the question of the minimal genome. In addition to constructing the synthetic genome in the test tube, reducing the size of the wild-type genome is a practical approach for obtaining the essential genomic sequence for living cells. The well-studied has been used as a model organism for genome reduction owing to its fast growth and easy manipulation. Extensive studies have reported how to reduce the bacterial genome and the collections of genomic disturbed strains acquired, which were sufficiently reviewed previously. However, the common issue of growth decrease caused by genetic disturbance remains largely unaddressed. This mini-review discusses the considerable efforts made to improve growth fitness, which was decreased due to genome reduction. The proposal and perspective are clarified for further accumulated genetic deletion to minimise the genome in terms of genome reduction, experimental evolution, medium optimization, and machine learning.
探索细胞维持独立生存所需的最小遗传要素是生物学中一个令人兴奋的课题。人们采用了多种方法来解决最小基因组的问题。除了在试管中构建合成基因组外，缩小野生型基因组的大小是获得活细胞必需基因组序列的一种实用方法。因其生长迅速且易于操作，经过充分研究的[具体生物名称未给出]已被用作基因组缩减的模式生物。大量研究报告了如何缩减细菌基因组以及所获得的基因组扰动菌株的集合，之前已有充分综述。然而，由基因扰动导致的生长减缓这一常见问题在很大程度上仍未得到解决。这篇小型综述讨论了为提高因基因组缩减而降低的生长适应性所做的大量努力。在基因组缩减、实验进化、培养基优化和机器学习方面，明确了进一步累积基因删除以使[具体生物名称未给出]基因组最小化的提议和前景。
