Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Martinsried, 82152 Planegg, Germany.
Core Facility-Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 80939 Munich, Germany.
Biomolecules. 2023 Aug 24;13(9):1300. doi: 10.3390/biom13091300.
The majority of peptides presented by MHC class I result from proteasomal protein turnover. The specialized immunoproteasome, which is induced during inflammation, plays a major role in antigenic peptide generation. However, other cellular proteases can, either alone or together with the proteasome, contribute peptides to MHC class I loading non-canonically. We used an immunopeptidomics workflow combined with prediction software for proteasomal cleavage probabilities to analyze how inflammatory conditions affect the proteasomal processing of immune epitopes presented by A549 cells. The treatment of A549 cells with IFNγ enhanced the proteasomal cleavage probability of MHC class I ligands for both the constitutive proteasome and the immunoproteasome. Furthermore, IFNγ alters the contribution of the different HLA allotypes to the immunopeptidome. When we calculated the HLA allotype-specific proteasomal cleavage probabilities for MHC class I ligands, the peptides presented by HLA-A30:01 showed characteristics hinting at a reduced C-terminal proteasomal cleavage probability independently of the type of proteasome. This was confirmed by HLA-A30:01 ligands from the immune epitope database, which also showed this effect. Furthermore, two additional HLA allotypes, namely, HLA-A03:01 and HLA-A11:01, presented peptides with a markedly reduced C-terminal proteasomal cleavage probability. The peptides eluted from all three HLA allotypes shared a peptide binding motif with a C-terminal lysine residue, suggesting that this lysine residue impairs proteasome-dependent HLA ligand production and might, in turn, favor peptide generation by other cellular proteases.
大多数由 MHC I 类呈递的肽来自蛋白酶体蛋白的周转。在炎症期间诱导的免疫蛋白酶体在抗原肽生成中起主要作用。然而,其他细胞蛋白酶可以单独或与蛋白酶体一起,非经典地向 MHC I 类加载提供肽。我们使用免疫肽组学工作流程结合蛋白酶体切割概率预测软件来分析炎症条件如何影响 A549 细胞呈递的免疫表位的蛋白酶体加工。IFNγ 处理 A549 细胞增强了组成型蛋白酶体和免疫蛋白酶体的 MHC I 配体的蛋白酶体切割概率。此外,IFNγ 改变了不同 HLA 同种型对免疫肽组的贡献。当我们计算 MHC I 配体的 HLA 同种型特异性蛋白酶体切割概率时,HLA-A30:01 呈现的肽具有特征,暗示 C 末端蛋白酶体切割概率降低,与蛋白酶体类型无关。这一点得到了免疫表位数据库中 HLA-A30:01 配体的证实,这些配体也表现出这种效应。此外,另外两种 HLA 同种型,即 HLA-A03:01 和 HLA-A11:01,呈现的肽具有明显降低的 C 末端蛋白酶体切割概率。从所有三种 HLA 同种型洗脱的肽具有一个 C 末端赖氨酸残基的肽结合基序,表明该赖氨酸残基损害了依赖蛋白酶体的 HLA 配体产生,并且可能转而有利于其他细胞蛋白酶的肽生成。