核（糖）苷水解酶——结构、功能、生理作用和实际用途。

Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.

Department of Chemical Enzymology, Chemistry Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.

Biomolecules. 2023 Sep 12;13(9):1375. doi: 10.3390/biom13091375.

Ribonucleoside hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of ribonucleosides to nitrogenous bases and ribose. These enzymes are found in many organisms: bacteria, archaea, protozoa, metazoans, yeasts, fungi and plants. Despite the simple reaction catalyzed by these enzymes, their physiological role in most organisms remains unclear. In this review, we compare the structure, kinetic parameters, physiological role, and potential applications of different types of ribonucleoside hydrolases discovered and isolated from different organisms.

核糖核苷水解酶是一类能够催化核糖核苷裂解为含氮碱基和核糖的酶。这类酶存在于许多生物中：细菌、古菌、原生动物、后生动物、酵母、真菌和植物。尽管这些酶催化的反应很简单，但它们在大多数生物中的生理作用仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们比较了从不同生物中发现和分离的不同类型的核糖核苷水解酶的结构、动力学参数、生理作用和潜在应用。