Manke Hayley N, Nunn Samuel S, Sulima Agnieszka, Rice Kenner C, Riley Anthony L
Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Neuroscience, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Brain Sci. 2023 Sep 7;13(9):1294. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13091294.
As individual synthetic cathinones become scheduled and regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), new ones regularly are produced and distributed. One such compound is eutylone, a novel third-generation synthetic cathinone whose affective properties (and abuse potential) are largely unknown. The following experiments begin to characterize these effects and how they may be impacted by drug history (a factor affecting reward/aversion for other drugs of abuse).
Eutylone was assessed for its ability to induce conditioned taste avoidance (CTA; aversive effect) and conditioned place preference (CPP; rewarding effect) and their relationship (Experiment 1). Following this, the effects of exposure to cocaine or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA] on eutylone's affective properties were investigated (Experiment 2).
Eutylone produced dose-dependent CTA and CPP (Experiment 1), and these endpoints were unrelated. Pre-exposure to cocaine and MDMA differentially impacted taste avoidance induced by eutylone (MDMA > cocaine) and did not impact eutylone-induced place preference.
These data indicate that eutylone, like other synthetic cathinones, has co-occurring, independent rewarding and aversive effects that may contribute to its abuse potential and that these effects are differentially impacted by drug history. Although these studies begin the characterization of eutylone, future studies should examine the impact of other factors on eutylone's affective properties and its eventual reinforcing effects (i.e., intravenous self-administration [IVSA]) to predict its use and abuse liability.
随着各种合成卡西酮被美国缉毒局（DEA）列入管制名单并加以规范，新的合成卡西酮仍不断被制造和流通。尤替龙就是这样一种化合物，它是一种新型的第三代合成卡西酮，其情感效应（以及滥用潜力）在很大程度上尚不明确。以下实验开始对这些效应进行表征，以及它们如何受到用药史（一个影响对其他滥用药物产生奖赏/厌恶反应的因素）的影响。
评估尤替龙诱导条件性味觉回避（CTA；厌恶效应）和条件性位置偏爱（CPP；奖赏效应）的能力及其相互关系（实验1）。在此之后，研究接触可卡因或3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺[摇头丸]对尤替龙情感效应的影响（实验2）。
尤替龙产生剂量依赖性的CTA和CPP（实验1），并且这些终点指标不相关。预先接触可卡因和摇头丸对尤替龙诱导的味觉回避有不同影响（摇头丸>可卡因），但不影响尤替龙诱导的位置偏爱。
这些数据表明，与其他合成卡西酮一样，尤替龙同时具有独立的奖赏和厌恶效应，这可能导致其具有滥用潜力，并且这些效应受到用药史的不同影响。尽管这些研究开始对尤替龙进行表征，但未来的研究应考察其他因素对尤替龙情感效应及其最终强化效应（即静脉自我给药[IVSA]）的影响，以预测其使用和滥用倾向。
