Department of Agriculture and Waste Management, Collegium of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, St. Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, Collegium of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, St. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 21;24(18):14400. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814400.
Compost has a broad application in terms of the improvement of the soil properties. This research work was conducted to present the molecular implications of using compost obtained from different substrates to improve soil parameters for cucumber seedlings cultivation. In the experiment, the following compost mixtures were used: sewage sludge (80%) + sawdust (20%); sewage sludge (40%) + sawdust (10%) + biodegradable garden and park waste (50%); biodegradable garden and park waste (90%) + sawdust (10%); sewage sludge (80%) + sawdust (20%) + ; sewage sludge (40%) + sawdust (10%) + biodegradable garden and park waste (50%) + ; biodegradable garden and park waste (90%) + sawdust (10%) + . The final substrate compositions consisted of compost mixtures and deacidified peat(O) (pH 6.97; Corg content-55%, N content-2.3%), serving as a structural additive, in different mass ratios (mass %). The produced plants underwent biometric and physiological measurements as well as enzymatic analyses of stress markers. Based on the conducted studies, it has been found that the substrate productivity depends not only on the content of nutrient components but also on their structure, which is moderated by the proportion of peat in the substrate. The most effective and promising substrate for cucumber seedling production was variant 2 (I), which consisted of 25% compost from sewage sludge (40%) + sawdust (10%) + biodegradable garden and park waste (50%) and 75% deacidified peat. Despite the richness of the other substrates, inferior parameters of the produced seedlings were observed. The analysis of the enzymatic activity of stress markers showed that these substrates caused stress in the plants produced. The study's results showed that this stress was caused by the presence of , which damaged the developing root system of plants in the limited volume of substrate (production containers). The adverse influence of on the plants produced could possibly be eliminated by thermal treatment of the compost, although this could lead to significant changes in composition.
堆肥在改善土壤性质方面有广泛的应用。本研究旨在介绍使用不同基质获得的堆肥来改善黄瓜幼苗栽培土壤参数的分子影响。在实验中，使用了以下堆肥混合物：污水污泥（80%）+木屑（20%）；污水污泥（40%）+木屑（10%）+可生物降解的园林和公园废物（50%）；可生物降解的园林和公园废物（90%）+木屑（10%）；污水污泥（80%）+木屑（20%）+ ；污水污泥（40%）+木屑（10%）+可生物降解的园林和公园废物（50%）+ ；可生物降解的园林和公园废物（90%）+木屑（10%）+ 。最终的基质组成由堆肥混合物和脱酸泥炭（O）（pH6.97；Corg 含量-55%，N 含量-2.3%）组成，作为结构添加剂，以不同的质量比（质量%）存在。所生产的植物进行了生物计量和生理测量以及应激标记物的酶分析。根据进行的研究，发现基质生产力不仅取决于营养成分的含量，还取决于其结构，而结构则由基质中泥炭的比例调节。对于黄瓜幼苗生产最有效和最有前途的基质是变体 2（I），它由 25%来自污水污泥（40%）+木屑（10%）+可生物降解的园林和公园废物（50%）的堆肥和 75%的脱酸泥炭组成。尽管其他基质的含量丰富，但观察到所产生幼苗的参数较差。应激标记物的酶活性分析表明，这些基质导致了所产生植物的应激。研究结果表明，这种应激是由存在的 引起的，它在有限的基质体积（生产容器）中破坏了植物的发育根系。通过对堆肥进行热处理，可以消除对所产生植物的不利影响，尽管这可能导致成分发生重大变化。
