Fujihara Hideaki, Matsunaga Michiko, Ueda Eriko, Kajiwara Takamasa, Takeda Aya K, Watanabe Satoshi, Baba Kairi, Hagihara Keisuke, Myowa Masako
Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
Microorganisms. 2023 Sep 6;11(9):2245. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092245.
Executive function (EF) consists of explicit emotion regulation (EER) and cognitive control (CC). Childhood EER in particular predicts mental and physical health in adulthood. Identifying factors affecting EER development has implications for lifelong physical and mental health. Gut microbiota (GM) has attracted attention as a potential biomarker for risk of physical and mental problems in adulthood. Furthermore, GM is related to brain function/structure, which plays a crucial role in emotional processing. However, little is known about how GM compositions are associated with the development of emotion regulation in early childhood. Therefore, in this study, we examined 257 children aged 3-4 to investigate links between GM and risk to EF. EF was measured using the Mother-Reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool version. GM composition (alpha/beta diversity and genus abundance) was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and compared between EF-risk and non-risk groups. Our results show that children with EER-risk (an index of inhibitory self-control) had a higher abundance of the genera and . Although we have not established a direct link between GM and CC risk, our findings indicate that GM of preschoolers is closely associated with emotional processing and that EERrisk children have more inflammation-related bacteria.
执行功能（EF）由显性情绪调节（EER）和认知控制（CC）组成。儿童期的EER尤其能预测成年后的身心健康。识别影响EER发展的因素对一生的身心健康都有影响。肠道微生物群（GM）作为成年期身心问题风险的潜在生物标志物已受到关注。此外，GM与大脑功能/结构有关，而大脑功能/结构在情绪处理中起关键作用。然而，关于GM组成如何与幼儿期情绪调节的发展相关联，我们知之甚少。因此，在本研究中，我们对257名3至4岁的儿童进行了检查，以调查GM与EF风险之间的联系。使用母亲报告的执行功能学前版行为评定量表来测量EF。使用16S rRNA基因测序评估GM组成（α/β多样性和属丰度），并在EF风险组和非风险组之间进行比较。我们的结果表明，具有EER风险（抑制性自我控制指标）的儿童中，[具体菌属1]和[具体菌属2]的丰度较高。虽然我们尚未确定GM与CC风险之间的直接联系，但我们的研究结果表明，学龄前儿童的GM与情绪处理密切相关，且有EER风险的儿童有更多与炎症相关的细菌。
