Kovačević Tvrtko Karlo, Išić Nina, Major Nikola, Krpan Marina, Ban Dean, Franić Mario, Goreta Ban Smiljana
Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, K. Hugues 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia.
Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 8;12(18):3215. doi: 10.3390/plants12183215.
The impacts of global climate change and a rapid increase in population have emerged as major concerns threatening global food security. Environmental abiotic stress, such as drought, severely impairs plants' morphology, physiology, growth, and yield more than many other environmental factors. Plants use a complex set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms to combat the negative effects caused by drought-induced stress. The aim of this study was to investigate morphological, spectral, physiological, and biochemical changes occurring in 30 garlic accessions exposed to short-term drought stress in a greenhouse setting and to identify potential early drought-induced stress markers. The results showed that, on average, garlic plants exposed to drought conditions exhibited a decrease in assimilation, transpiration, and stomatal conductance of 39%, 52%, and 50%, respectively, and an average increase in dry matter and proline content of 10.13% and 14.29%, respectively. Nevertheless, a significant interaction between the treatment and accessions was observed in the investigated photosynthetic and biochemical parameters. The plants' early response to drought ranged from mild to strong depending on garlic accession. Multivariate analysis showed that accessions with a mild early drought response were characterized by higher values of assimilation, transpiration, and stomatal conductance compared to plants with moderate or strong early drought response. Additionally, accessions with strong early drought response were characterized by higher proline content, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacity as measured by FRAP compared to accessions with mild-to-moderate early drought response.
全球气候变化和人口快速增长的影响已成为威胁全球粮食安全的主要问题。干旱等环境非生物胁迫比许多其他环境因素更严重地损害植物的形态、生理、生长和产量。植物利用一系列复杂的生理、生化和分子机制来对抗干旱诱导胁迫所造成的负面影响。本研究的目的是调查在温室环境中暴露于短期干旱胁迫的30份大蒜种质发生的形态、光谱、生理和生化变化，并确定潜在的早期干旱诱导胁迫标记。结果表明，平均而言，暴露于干旱条件下的大蒜植株的同化作用、蒸腾作用和气孔导度分别下降了39%、52%和50%，干物质和脯氨酸含量分别平均增加了10.13%和14.29%。然而，在所研究的光合和生化参数中观察到处理与种质之间存在显著的相互作用。根据大蒜种质的不同，植株对干旱的早期反应从轻微到强烈不等。多变量分析表明，与具有中度或强烈早期干旱反应的植株相比，具有轻微早期干旱反应的种质具有更高的同化作用、蒸腾作用和气孔导度值。此外，与具有轻度至中度早期干旱反应的种质相比，具有强烈早期干旱反应的种质具有更高的脯氨酸含量、脂质过氧化和通过FRAP测量的抗氧化能力。
