Aliyu Ahmed Abubakar, Liu Jinshuo
School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, Kaduna State University, Kaduna 800283, Nigeria.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 20;23(18):7992. doi: 10.3390/s23187992.
Smart farming, as a branch of the Internet of Things (IoT), combines the recognition of agricultural economic competencies and the progress of data and information collected from connected devices with statistical analysis to characterize the essentials of the assimilated information, allowing farmers to make intelligent conclusions that will maximize the harvest benefit. However, the integration of advanced technologies requires the adoption of high-tech security approaches. In this paper, we present a framework that promises to enhance the security and privacy of smart farms by leveraging the decentralized nature of blockchain technology. The framework stores and manages data acquired from IoT devices installed in smart farms using a distributed ledger architecture, which provides secure and tamper-proof data storage and ensures the integrity and validity of the data. The study uses the AWS cloud, ESP32, the smart farm security monitoring framework, and the Ethereum Rinkeby smart contract mechanism, which enables the automated execution of pre-defined rules and regulations. As a result of a proof-of-concept implementation, the system can detect and respond to security threats in real time, and the results illustrate its usefulness in improving the security of smart farms. The number of accepted blockchain transactions on smart farming requests fell from 189,000 to 109,450 after carrying out the first three tests while the next three testing phases showed a rise in the number of blockchain transactions accepted on smart farming requests from 176,000 to 290,786. We further observed that the lesser the time taken to induce the device alarm, the higher the number of blockchain transactions accepted on smart farming requests, which demonstrates the efficacy of blockchain-based poisoning attack mitigation in smart farming.
智能农业作为物联网（IoT）的一个分支，将农业经济能力的认知与从连接设备收集的数据和信息的进展与统计分析相结合，以表征同化信息的要点，使农民能够做出智能决策，从而实现收获效益最大化。然而，先进技术的集成需要采用高科技安全方法。在本文中，我们提出了一个框架，有望通过利用区块链技术的去中心化特性来增强智能农场的安全性和隐私性。该框架使用分布式账本架构存储和管理从安装在智能农场中的物联网设备获取的数据，该架构提供安全且防篡改的数据存储，并确保数据的完整性和有效性。该研究使用了AWS云、ESP32、智能农场安全监控框架以及以太坊Rinkeby智能合约机制，这使得预定义的规则和法规能够自动执行。作为概念验证实施的结果，该系统可以实时检测并应对安全威胁，结果表明其在提高智能农场安全性方面的有用性。在进行前三次测试后，智能农业请求上接受的区块链交易数量从189,000下降到109,450，而接下来的三个测试阶段显示，智能农业请求上接受的区块链交易数量从176,000上升到290,786。我们进一步观察到，触发设备警报所需的时间越短，智能农业请求上接受的区块链交易数量就越高，这证明了基于区块链的智能农业中毒攻击缓解的有效性。
