Korpisaari Maija, Puhakka Soile, Farrahi Vahid, Niemelä Maisa, Tulppo Mikko P, Ikäheimo Tiina, Korpelainen Raija, Lankila Tiina
Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland.
Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14505. doi: 10.1111/sms.14505. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
This population-based study examines the associations between physical activity (PA), residential environmental greenness, and cardiac health measured by resting short-term heart rate variability (HRV).
Residential greenness of a birth cohort sample (n = 5433) at 46 years was measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by fixing a 1 km buffer around each participant's home. Daily light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and the combination of both (MVPA) were measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer for 14 days. Resting HRV was measured with a heart rate monitor, and generalized additive modeling (GAM) was used to examine the association between PA, NDVI, and resting HRV.
In nongreen areas, men had less PA at all intensity levels compared to men in green areas. Women had more LPA and total PA and less MPA, MVPA, and VPA in green residential areas compared to nongreen areas. In green residential areas, men had more MPA, MVPA, and VPA than women, whereas women had more LPA than men. GAM showed positive linear associations between LPA, MVPA and HRV in all models.
Higher LPA and MVPA were significantly associated with increased HRV, irrespective of residential greenness. Greenness was positively associated with PA at all intensity levels in men, whereas in women, a positive association was found for LPA and total PA. A positive relationship of PA with resting HRV and greenness with PA was found. Residential greenness for promoting PA and heart health in adults should be considered in city planning.
本基于人群的研究探讨了身体活动（PA）、居住环境绿化程度与通过静息短期心率变异性（HRV）测量的心脏健康之间的关联。
通过在每位参与者家周围设置1公里的缓冲区，用归一化植被指数（NDVI）测量了一个出生队列样本（n = 5433）在46岁时的居住绿化程度。使用腕戴式加速度计测量了14天的每日轻度身体活动（LPA）、中度身体活动（MPA）、剧烈身体活动（VPA）以及两者的组合（MVPA）。用心率监测器测量静息HRV，并使用广义相加模型（GAM）来研究PA、NDVI与静息HRV之间的关联。
在非绿化地区，与绿化地区的男性相比，所有强度水平下男性的PA都较少。与非绿化地区相比，绿化居住地区的女性有更多的LPA和总PA，而MPA、MVPA和VPA较少。在绿化居住地区，男性的MPA、MVPA和VPA比女性多，而女性的LPA比男性多。GAM显示在所有模型中LPA、MVPA与HRV之间呈正线性关联。
无论居住绿化程度如何，较高的LPA和MVPA都与HRV增加显著相关。绿化程度与男性所有强度水平的PA呈正相关，而在女性中，LPA和总PA呈正相关。发现PA与静息HRV以及绿化程度与PA之间存在正相关关系。在城市规划中应考虑通过居住绿化来促进成年人的PA和心脏健康。
