Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.
Int J Audiol. 2024 Sep;63(9):738-746. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2261075. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
To examine risky leisure noise exposure from listening to music via headphones and to identify potential determinants with special focus on portable listening devices (PLDs) among adolescents over a period of 7.5-years.
Data were collected by questionnaires at four equidistant time points (O1-O4). Music exposure via headphones was calculated based on self-reported volume setting and listening duration. Exceeding 85 dB(A) equivalent for a 40-hour working week was defined as risky noise exposure. Determinants of risky headphone and PLD exposure were investigated using generalised estimating equations and accounting for missing data by multiple imputation.
Closed cohort of 2148 students attending 9 grade of any secondary school type in Regensburg (Germany), during 2009 to 2011.
Risky noise exposure from headphone usage was almost twice as high in wave O1 and O2 (at age 15 or 18) compared with 20-23-year-olds in O3 and O4. Risky exposure to headphones and PLDs were associated with younger age, low and medium education, single-parent household and smoking, whereas good self-rated hearing showed a protective effect. Additionally, not being born in Germany was associated with risky PLD exposure.
Before harmful behaviours become entrenched, starting preventive efforts at a young age is essential.
研究青少年通过耳机听音乐的危险休闲性噪声暴露，并特别关注便携式听力设备（PLD），以确定其潜在决定因素。该研究对青少年进行了长达 7.5 年的随访。
通过问卷调查在四个等距时间点（O1-O4）收集数据。耳机音乐暴露量根据自我报告的音量设置和听音乐时长来计算。每周工作 40 小时等效声级超过 85dB(A) 被定义为危险噪声暴露。使用广义估计方程来研究危险耳机和 PLD 暴露的决定因素，并通过多次插补处理缺失数据。
在 2009 年至 2011 年期间，在德国雷根斯堡的任何类型的中学 9 年级，对 2148 名学生进行了一项封闭式队列研究。
在波 O1 和 O2（15 或 18 岁）时，耳机使用的危险噪声暴露几乎是波 O3 和 O4（20-23 岁）时的两倍。耳机和 PLD 的危险暴露与年龄较小、教育程度较低或中等、单亲家庭和吸烟有关，而自我评估听力良好则有保护作用。此外，非德国出生与危险的 PLD 暴露有关。
在有害行为根深蒂固之前，从年轻时开始采取预防措施至关重要。
