通过缺失 H240R 和 MGF505-7R 基因，开发一种新的有效非洲猪瘟病毒疫苗候选株，可产生针对欧亚毒株的保护免疫。

Development of a new effective African swine fever virus vaccine candidate by deletion of the H240R and MGF505-7R genes results in protective immunity against the Eurasia strain.

机构信息

Division of Fundamental Immunology, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology , Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

出版信息

J Virol. 2023 Oct 31;97(10):e0070423. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00704-23. Epub 2023 Sep 28.

DOI:10.1128/jvi.00704-23

PMID:37768081

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10617561/

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) caused by ASF virus (ASFV) is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease in domestic pigs. Until now, no effective commercial vaccine and antiviral drugs are available for ASF control. Here, we generated a new live-attenuated vaccine candidate (ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R) by deleting H240R and MGF505-7R genes from the highly pathogenic ASFV HLJ/18 genome. Piglets immunized with ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R were safe without any ASF-related signs and produced specific antibodies against p30. Challenged with a virulent ASFV HLJ/18, the piglets immunized with high-dose group (105 HAD50) exhibited 100% protection without clinical symptoms, showing that low levels of virus replication with no observed pathogenicity by postmortem and histological analysis. Overall, our results provided a new strategy by designing live-attenuated vaccine candidate, resulting in protection against ASFV infection.

摘要

非洲猪瘟（ASF）由非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）引起，是一种在猪中高度传染性和急性出血性病毒性疾病。到目前为止，尚无有效的商业疫苗和抗病毒药物可用于控制 ASF。在这里，我们通过从高致病性 ASFV HLJ/18 基因组中删除 H240R 和 MGF505-7R 基因，生成了一种新的减毒活疫苗候选株（ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R）。用 ASFV-ΔH240R-Δ7R 免疫的仔猪没有任何与 ASF 相关的迹象，并且产生了针对 p30 的特异性抗体。用高剂量（105 HAD50）免疫的仔猪在攻毒后没有任何临床症状，表现出 100%的保护率，通过死后和组织学分析表明病毒复制水平低且没有观察到致病性。总的来说，我们的结果通过设计减毒活疫苗候选株提供了一种新的策略，从而实现了对 ASFV 感染的保护。