[孕妇尿路感染的患病率及危险因素]

[Prevalence and risk factors of urinary tract infection in pregnant women].

作者信息

Mera-Lojano Leonardo David, Mejía-Contreras Luis Alfonso, Cajas-Velásquez Stefanía Micaela, Guarderas-Muñoz Silvia Jessica

机构信息

Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Medicina. Quito, Ecuador.

Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Metodología e Investigación. Quito, Ecuador.

出版信息

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2023 Sep 4;61(5):590-596. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8316437.

DOI:10.5281/zenodo.8316437

PMID:37768892

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10599784/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent in pregnant women. There are associated risk factors that predispose the acquisition of a UTI in pregnancy, which can cause serious complications for mother and child.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of UTI and associated risk factors in pregnant women at the Hospital Básico de Sangolquí.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Observational, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted in 570 pregnant women from January 1 2021 to August 30 2022. The prevalence and risk factors associated with UTI were analyzed through 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and odds ratio (OR) calculation.

RESULTS

The global prevalence of UTI in pregnant women was 37.7% (IC 95% 33.7-41.7). The most frequent etiology was Escherichia coli (65.4%), followed by Staphylococcus spp. (21.8%). The age of pregnant women ranged from 12 to 45 years, with an average of 27.55 ± 7 years, out of which those with a previous history of UTI were at greater risk of presenting UTI (OR 4.05; 95% CI 2.65-6.18), followed by diabetes mellitus (OR 2.25; 95% CI 2.48-3.44), and overweight (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.05-2.10). Regarding gestational age, the third trimester was a protective factor for UTI (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.46-0.92]).

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of UTI for pregnant women was 37.7%. The most frequent etiology was Escherichia coli. A history of UTI prior to pregnancy was the main risk factor.

摘要

背景

尿路感染（UTIs）在孕妇中最为常见。存在一些相关风险因素，使孕妇易患尿路感染，这可能给母婴带来严重并发症。

目的

确定桑戈尔基基础医院孕妇中尿路感染的患病率及相关风险因素。

材料与方法

于2021年1月1日至2022年8月30日对570名孕妇进行观察性、横断面分析研究。通过计算95%置信区间（95%CI）和比值比（OR）分析尿路感染的患病率及相关风险因素。

结果

孕妇中尿路感染的总体患病率为37.7%（95%CI为33.7 - 41.7）。最常见的病因是大肠埃希菌（65.4%），其次是葡萄球菌属（21.8%）。孕妇年龄在12至45岁之间，平均为27.55±7岁，其中有尿路感染既往史的孕妇患尿路感染的风险更高（OR为4.05；95%CI为2.65 - 6.18），其次是糖尿病（OR为2.25；95%CI为2.48 - 3.44）和超重（OR为1.48；95%CI为1.05 - 2.10）。关于孕周，孕晚期是尿路感染的一个保护因素（OR为0.65；95%CI为0.46 - 0.92）。